Maximising the ecological value of hard coastal structures using textured formliners

Maximising the ecological value of hard coastal structures using textured formliners
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使用纹理模板最大限度地提高硬质海岸结构的生态价值

DOI:
10.1016/j.ecoena.2019.100002
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
MacArthur M
MacArthur M
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
MacArthur M

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为了提高垂直硬质海岸结构的生态价值,建议采用具有复杂表面纹理的混合设计(例如凹槽和凹坑的组合)。该策略在两个空间尺度上优化了生态殖民:1)在毫米尺度上的藤壶丰度(显示具有生物保护能力),2)在厘米尺度上的物种丰富度和丰度,通过纳入/创建栖息地功能。为了确定优化设计,以提高潮间带栖息地质量的垂直海岸防御结构,我们进行了生态增强试验,涉及160个不同设计的人造混凝土瓦(因此地形复杂性)和24个清除自然表面(150 × 150 mm)在英国的三个网站。在18个月内,瓷砖设计与中等水平的复杂性(毫米级的表面粗糙度)是最佳的增加藤壶覆盖相比,普通铸造瓷砖。瓷砖具有较高的复杂性(与微生境凹处达30毫米深)开发最大的物种丰富度和移动的物种丰度,并有最低的峰值空气温度和最高的湿度。这种结构化的生态改善有助于保护城市海洋生境中的潮间带物种,并加强本来就薄弱或缺乏的生态系统服务,从而有助于提高现有和未来硬海岸结构的生境价值。
In order to enhance the ecological value of vertical hard coastal structures, hybrid designs with complex surface textures (such as a combination of grooves and pits) have been recommended. This strategy optimises ecological colonisation at two spatial scales: 1) at the mm-scale for barnacle abundance (shown to have bioprotective capabilities), and 2) at the cm-scale for species richness and abundance through the incorporation/creation of habitat features. To determine the optimal design for improving the intertidal habitat quality of vertical coastal defence structures, we conducted an ecological enhancement trial involving 160 artificial concrete tiles of different designs (and thus topographic complexity) and 24 cleared natural surfaces (150 × 150 mm) at three sites in the UK. Within 18 months, tile designs with intermediate levels of complexity (mm-scale surface roughness) were optimal in increasing barnacle cover compared to plain-cast tiles. Tiles with high complexity (with microhabitat recesses up to 30 mm deep) developed greatest species richness and mobile species abundance and had lowest peak air temperatures and highest humidity. Such textured ecological enhancements can help improve the habitat value of existing and future hard coastal structures by favouring the conservation of intertidal species in urban marine habitats and enhancing otherwise weak or absent ecosystem service provision.
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