Radiation dose reduction efficiency of buildings after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station.
Radiation dose reduction efficiency of buildings after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0101650
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tokonami S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monzen S;Hosoda M;Osanai M;Tokonami S
2011年3月11日，日本福岛第一核电站发生里氏9.0级地震和海啸，大量放射性核素从该核电站释放。当地居民一直渴望计算他们个人的辐射暴露量。因此，在福岛县的疏散地点，使用伽马射线测量装置测量了室内和室外空气中的吸收剂量率，并通过评估木材、铝和钢筋混凝土建筑物的辐射剂量降低效率（定义为室内空气中的吸收剂量率与室外空气中的吸收剂量率之比）计算了个人辐射照射量。2011年3月至2011年7月，木材、铝和钢筋混凝土建筑物的剂量降低效率分别为0.55 ± 0.04、0.15 ± 0.02和0.19 ± 0.04。木结构的减排效率是国际原子能机构报告的1.4倍。钢筋混凝土的效率与以前报道的值相似，而铝结构的效率以前没有报道过。在18个疏散点中的8个，剂量减少效率与F1-ESTA的距离成比例增加。尽管室外空气中的吸收剂量率降低，但时间变化并不能反映疏散地点的剂量降低效率。这些数据表明，剂量降低效率取决于结构类型，污染水平，疏散场所的疏散行为。
Numerous radionuclides were released from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (F1-NPS) in Japan following the magnitude 9.0 earthquake and tsunami on March 11, 2011. Local residents have been eager to calculate their individual radiation exposure. Thus, absorbed dose rates in the indoor and outdoor air at evacuation sites in the Fukushima Prefecture were measured using a gamma-ray measuring devices, and individual radiation exposure was calculated by assessing the radiation dose reduction efficiency (defined as the ratio of absorbed dose rate in the indoor air to the absorbed dose rate in the outdoor air) of wood, aluminum, and reinforced concrete buildings. Between March 2011 and July 2011, dose reduction efficiencies of wood, aluminum, and reinforced concrete buildings were 0.55±0.04, 0.15±0.02, and 0.19±0.04, respectively. The reduction efficiency of wood structures was 1.4 times higher than that reported by the International Atomic Energy Agency. The efficiency of reinforced concrete was similar to previously reported values, whereas that of aluminum structures has not been previously reported. Dose reduction efficiency increased in proportion to the distance from F1-NPS at 8 of the 18 evacuation sites. Time variations did not reflect dose reduction efficiencies at evacuation sites although absorbed dose rates in the outdoor air decreased. These data suggest that dose reduction efficiency depends on structure types, levels of contamination, and evacuee behaviors at evacuation sites.
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