Overlapping and Distinct Cognitive Impairments in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disability.
Overlapping and Distinct Cognitive Impairments in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Autism Spectrum Disorder without Intellectual Disability.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10802-017-0394-2
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发表时间：
2018-11
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Nigg JT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karalunas SL;Hawkey E;Gustafsson H;Miller M;Langhorst M;Cordova M;Fair D;Nigg JT
注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）通常是共病，共享遗传易感性，并经常表现出重叠的认知障碍。在考虑各种疾病的共病症状时，缺乏对共同和不同认知效应的澄清。在目前的研究中，7-15岁的儿童被分配到三个诊断组：ADHD（n = 509），ASD（n = 97）和对照组（n = 301）完成了跨越注意力/唤醒，工作记忆，设置转换，抑制和反应变异性的认知领域的测量。使用漂移扩散模型检查了有助于响应变异性的特定过程，该模型单独量化了漂移速率（即，信息处理的效率），边界分离（即，速度-准确度权衡）和非决策时间。ADHD和ASD儿童在注意力/唤醒、处理速度、工作记忆和反应抑制方面受损，但在延迟奖励折扣、设置转换或干扰控制方面与对照组没有差异。总的来说，ASD组的损伤不归因于ADHD症状，无论是使用连续症状测量还是潜在分类分组方法。同样，ADHD组的损伤也不能归因于ASD症状。当考虑特定的RT参数时，ADHD和ASD儿童的漂移率共同受损。然而，ASD儿童的独特特征是更广泛的边界分离。研究结果表明，与ADHD儿童相比，ASD儿童的认知障碍具有重叠和独特的模式，特别是当单独考虑反应时间测量的过程时。
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are commonly comorbid, share genetic liability, and often exhibit overlapping cognitive impairments. Clarification of shared and distinct cognitive effects while considering comorbid symptoms across disorders has been lacking. In the current study, children ages 7-15 years assigned to three diagnostic groups: ADHD (n = 509), ASD (n = 97), and controls (n = 301) completed measures spanning the cognitive domains of attention/arousal, working memory, set-shifting, inhibition, and response variability. Specific processes contributing to response variability were examined using a drift diffusion model, which separately quantified drift rate (i.e., efficiency of information processing), boundary separation (i.e., speed-accuracy trade-offs), and non-decision time. Children with ADHD and ASD were impaired on attention/arousal, processing speed, working memory, and response inhibition, but did not differ from controls on measures of delayed reward discounting, set-shifting, or interference control. Overall, impairments in the ASD group were not attributable to ADHD symptoms using either continuous symptom measures or latent categorical grouping approaches. Similarly, impairments in the ADHD group were not attributable to ASD symptoms. When specific RT parameters were considered, children with ADHD and ASD shared impairments in drift rate. However, children with ASD were uniquely characterized by a wider boundary separation. Findings suggest a combination of overlapping and unique patterns of cognitive impairment for children with ASD as compared to those with ADHD, particularly when the processes underlying reaction time measures are considered separately.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.24.13468
发表时间：
1996-11-26
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Baddeley, A
通讯作者：
Baddeley, A
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Huang-Pollock, Cynthia L.;Karalunas, Sarah L.;Moore, Amy N.
通讯作者：
Moore, Amy N.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1115365109
发表时间：
2012-04-24
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fair, Damien A.;Bathula, Deepti;Nigg, Joel T.
通讯作者：
Nigg, Joel T.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Best JR;Miller PH
通讯作者：
Miller PH
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y