Ketogenesis activates metabolically protective γδ T cells in visceral adipose tissue.

Ketogenesis activates metabolically protective γδ T cells in visceral adipose tissue.
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DOI:
10.1038/s42255-019-0160-6
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发表时间:
2020-01
期刊:
影响因子:
20.8
通讯作者:
Dixit, Vishwa Deep
Dixit, Vishwa Deep
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goldberg, Emily L.;Shchukina, Irina;Asher, Jennifer L.;Sidorov, Sviatoslav;Artyomov, Maxim N.;Dixit, Vishwa Deep

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酮体是必不可少的替代燃料,使人类能够在饥饿和长时间运动引起的葡萄糖缺乏时期生存下来。广泛使用的生酮饮食(KD),脂肪含量极高,碳水化合物含量极低,驱使宿主使用β-羟基丁酸酯产生ATP并降低NLRP 3介导的炎症。然而,KD的极高脂肪组成提出了生酮如何影响脂肪组织以控制炎症和能量稳态的问题。在这里,通过使用脂肪组织驻留免疫细胞的单细胞RNA测序,我们表明KD扩增了抑制炎症的代谢保护性γδ T细胞。值得注意的是,在小鼠中长期随意饲喂KD会导致肥胖,损害代谢健康并消耗脂肪驻留的γδ T细胞。此外,缺乏γδ T细胞的小鼠具有受损的葡萄糖稳态。我们的研究结果表明,γδ T细胞是保护性免疫代谢反应的介质,将脂肪酸驱动的燃料使用与减少脂肪组织炎症联系起来。
Ketone bodies are essential alternative fuels that allow humans to survive periods of glucose scarcity induced by starvation and prolonged exercise. A widely used ketogenic diet (KD), which is extremely high in fat with very low carbohydrates, drives the host into using β-hydroxybutyrate for the production of ATP and lowers NLRP3-mediated inflammation. However, the extremely high fat composition of KD raises the question of how ketogenesis affects adipose tissue to control inflammation and energy homeostasis. Here, by using single-cell RNA sequencing of adipose-tissue-resident immune cells, we show that KD expands metabolically protective γδ T cells that restrain inflammation. Notably, long-term ad libitum KD feeding in mice causes obesity, impairs metabolic health and depletes the adipose-resident γδ T cells. In addition, mice lacking γδ T cells have impaired glucose homeostasis. Our results suggest that γδ T cells are mediators of protective immunometabolic responses that link fatty acid–driven fuel use to reduced adipose tissue inflammation.
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