Are We Ready for Real-world Neuroscience?
Are We Ready for Real-world Neuroscience?
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_e_01276
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发表时间：
2019-03
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Perrodin C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matusz PJ;Dikker S;Huth AG;Perrodin C
现实世界的环境通常是动态的、复杂的和多感官的，需要自上而下的注意力和记忆机制的支持，我们才能开车、列购物清单或倒一杯咖啡。认知和大脑功能组织的基本原则已经通过研究建立起来，这些研究利用了控制良好但简化的范式和基本刺激。在过去的30年里，在计算能力、大脑图谱和信号处理技术方面迎来了一场革命。多年来，借助这些理论和方法的进步，研究越来越多地脱离了传统的、严格的和广为人知的范式，直接研究现实世界环境中的认知功能及其潜在的大脑机制。这些调查通常涉及现实世界环境的一个或多个属性的作用。关于知觉、注意力或大脑功能组织的基本假设受到了挑战--通过研究调整传统范式来模拟，例如多感官性质或刺激的不同相关性或动态变化的任务要求。在这里，我们介绍了在现实世界神经科学的新兴异质领域内的领域的状态。准确地说，本特别焦点的目的是汇集各种新兴的“现实世界神经科学”方法。这些方法的主要目的、假设甚至对“真实世界神经科学”研究的定义都不同。在这里，我们展示了不同的“真实世界神经科学”方法的共性和独特之处。为此，四位职业生涯早期的研究人员和2017年认知神经科学学会会议研讨会的演讲者以相同的标题回答了与此类方法的附加值有关的问题，使我们更接近大脑功能组织和认知功能的准确模型。
Real-world environments are typically dynamic, complex, and multisensory in nature, and require the support of top-down attention and memory mechanisms for us to be able to drive a car, make a shopping list or pour a cup of coffee. Fundamental principles of perception and functional brain organisation have been established by research utilising well-controlled but simplified paradigms with basic stimuli. The last thirty years ushered a revolution in computational power, brain mapping and signal-processing techniques. Drawing on those theoretical and methodological advances, over the years, research has departed more and more from traditional, rigorous, and well-understood paradigms to directly investigate cognitive functions and their underlying brain mechanisms in real-world environments. These investigations typically address the role of one or, more recently, multiple attributes of real-world environments. Fundamental assumptions about perception, attention or brain functional organisation have been challenged - by studies adapting the traditional paradigms to emulate, e.g. the multisensory nature or varying relevance of stimulation or dynamically changing task demands. Here, we present the state-of-the-field within the emerging heterogeneous domain of real-world neuroscience. To be precise, the aim of the present Special Focus is to bring together a variety of the emerging “real-world neuroscientific” approaches. These approaches differ in their principal aims, assumptions or even their definitions of “real-world neuroscience” research. Here, we showcase the commonalities and distinctive features of the different “real-world neuroscience” approaches. To do so, four early-career researchers and the speakers of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society 2017 Meeting symposium under the same title answer questions pertaining to the added value of such approaches in bringing us closer to accurate models of functional brain organisation and cognitive functions.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Dumas G;Nadel J;Soussignan R;Martinerie J;Garnero L
通讯作者：
Garnero L
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Cohen SS;Parra LC
通讯作者：
Parra LC
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.93.2.922
发表时间：
1996-01-23
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Haxby, JV;Ungerleider, LG;Grady, CL
通讯作者：
Grady, CL
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Bevilacqua, Dana;Davidesco, Ido;Dikker, Suzanne
通讯作者：
Dikker, Suzanne
影响因子：
9.2
作者：
Dikker, Suzanne;Wan, Lu;Poeppel, David
通讯作者：
Poeppel, David