Extractive foraging behaviour in woodpeckers evolves in species that retain a large ancestral brain
Extractive foraging behaviour in woodpeckers evolves in species that retain a large ancestral brain
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啄木鸟的采食行为在保留大型祖先大脑的物种中进化
DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.02.003
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Fuxjager, Matthew J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cárdenas-Posada, Ghislaine;Iwaniuk, Andrew N.;Fuxjager, Matthew J.
确定影响大脑大小进化的生态因素是生物生物学的一个主要挑战。提取觅食假说提出，大的大脑更有可能在从难以接近的基质中提取猎物的类群中进化，但这一想法受到的关注相对较少。在这里，我们提供了一个全面的测试啄木鸟，一个家庭的相对较大的大脑的鸟类，其中包含许多物种，从树木中提取的木材钻孔幼虫饲料的提取觅食假说。我们的研究结果表明，提取觅食假说的强有力的支持。首先，与使用其他策略觅食的物种相比，使用提取式觅食的啄木鸟具有相对较大的大脑。其次，我们的比较分析表明，不仅大的大脑是所有啄木鸟类群中可能的祖先表型，而且这种特征与觅食行为的创新有关。我们怀疑，保留祖先的大大脑可能会增加一个特定物种进化成为主要吃木材钻孔幼虫的采掘觅食者的可能性，因为过渡到小大脑的物种进化出不同的饮食。因此，提取觅食假说可能适用于啄木鸟，因为历史偶然性（大大脑）为行为创新奠定了基础，以更好地利用生态机会。
Identifying ecological factors that influence brain size evolution is a major challenge in organismal biology. The extractive foraging hypothesis proposes that large brains are more likely to evolve in taxa that extract prey items from hard-to-access substrates, but this idea has received relatively little attention. Here, we provide a comprehensive test of the extractive foraging hypothesis in woodpeckers, a family of relatively large-brained birds that contains many species that feed on wood-boring larvae extracted from trees. Our results show strong support for the extractive foraging hypothesis. First, woodpeckers that use extractive foraging have relatively larger brains compared to species that forage using other tactics. Second, our comparative analyses suggest not only that big brains are the likely ancestral phenotype among all woodpecker taxa, but also that this trait is associated with innovation in foraging behaviour. We suspect that retaining an ancestral large brain likely increases the probability that a given species evolves to become an extractive forager who eats largely wood-boring larvae, given that species that transitioned to a small brain evolved different diets. Thus, the extractive foraging hypothesis likely applies to woodpeckers because of a historical contingency (large brains) that sets the stage for behavioural innovations to better exploit ecological opportunities.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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