Pain management: physiopathology, future research and endpoints

Pain management: physiopathology, future research and endpoints
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疼痛管理:病理生理学、未来研究和终点

DOI:
10.1007/bf00366900
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发表时间:
1993
影响因子:
3.1
通讯作者:
Maurice Sosnowski
Maurice Sosnowski
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Maurice Sosnowski

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在本文中,首先回顾了伤害性信息从外周感受器到大脑的不同获取和处理阶段,并强调了伴随着组织损伤的可塑性变化。例如,伤害性感受器和非伤害性感受器(如机械感受器、温度感受器)中的外周受体的细分必须根据外周敏化来理解。这一现象可能解释了原发性痛觉过敏,即损伤部位痛阈值的降低。P物质可增强N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)的反应,提示这两种受体可能协同作用,延长和放大周围组织损伤所产生的传入输入。这种传入的连锁反应导致了一种中枢敏化状态。其次,讨论了癌症疼痛治疗中的主要问题,即对阿片类药物的耐受性和阿片类药物不敏感疼痛的发展。在长期接触阿片受体(耐受性)后观察到的药物效应的丧失可能是下调或脱敏现象的结果(即连接到第二信使的受体总数减少)。激动剂的剂量-反应开始向右移动。在对吗啡产生抗药性的癌症患者中,麻醉下剂量的氯胺酮(一种NMDA受体拮抗剂)的止痛效果显著,这是耐人寻味的。如耐受性所示,对阿片类药物不敏感可能代表阿片类药物剂量-反应曲线右移,而氯胺酮的止痛作用则逆转了这种右移。
In this article, first, the different stages of acquisition and processing of nociceptive information from peripheral receptor to brain are reviewed and the plastic changes that accompany tissue injury are underlined. For instance, the subclassification of peripheral receptors in nociceptors and non-nociceptors (e.g., mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors) must be understood in the light of peripheral sensitization. This phenomenon is the probable explanation for primary hyperalgesia, the decrease in pain threshold at the site of injury. The observation that substance P enhances N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-elicited responses suggests that these two receptors may operate in concert to prolong and amplify the afferent input generated by peripheral tissue injury. Such afferent barrage induces a state of central sensitization. Second, the major problems in the management of cancer pain, i.e. the development of tolerance to opioids and opioid-insensitive pain, are discussed. The loss of drug effect observed after chronic exposure of the opioid receptor (tolerance) may be the consequence of the down-regulation or desensitization phenomenon (where the total number of receptors coupled to the second messenger is reduced). The agonist dose-response begins to shift to the right. The dramatic analgesic improvement obtained with subanaesthetic doses of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, in those of our cancer patients who have become resistant to morphine is intriguing. As shown for tolerance, insensitivity to opioids may represent a rightward shift in the opioid dose-response curve and the analgesic effect of ketamine the reversal of that shift.
内脏传入神经元中的脊髓投射和神经肽。
DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62762-4
发表时间: 1986
影响因子: --
作者:
DeGroat,WC
通讯作者: DeGroat,WC
阿片类药物耐受的细胞机制:单脑神经元的研究。
DOI: --
发表时间: 1987
影响因子: 3.6
作者:
Christie,MJ;Williams,JT;North,RA
通讯作者: North,RA
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DOI: --
发表时间: 1988
期刊: The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics
影响因子: --
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Stevens,CW;Monasky,MS;Yaksh,TL
通讯作者: Yaksh,TL
阿片受体调节的神经化学相关性。
DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(86)90314-x
发表时间: 1986
影响因子: 5.8
作者:
Zukin,RS;Tempel,A
通讯作者: Tempel,A
大鼠鞘内注射吗啡和舒芬太尼之间的差异交叉耐受性。
DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199012000-00012
发表时间: 1990
期刊: Anesthesiology
影响因子: 8.8
作者:
Sosnowski,M;Yaksh,TL
通讯作者: Yaksh,TL