Camera traps can be heard and seen by animals.
Camera traps can be heard and seen by animals.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0110832
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Falzon G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meek PD;Ballard GA;Fleming PJ;Schaefer M;Williams W;Falzon G
相机陷阱是发出声音和光的电子仪器。近几十年来，它们已成为野生动物研究和监测的首选工具。相机陷阱模型和所使用的方法之间的可变性是相当大的，并且很少有人知道动物如何对相机陷阱发射作出反应。据报道，一些动物对相机陷阱有反应，在研究中，这通常是不可取的，所以了解动物为什么会受到干扰很重要。我们进行了基于实验室的调查，以测试12个相机陷阱模型的音频和红外光学输出。在消声室中测量相机陷阱的音频输出;我们还测量了相机陷阱模型的子集的超声波（n= 5）和红外照明输出（n =7）。 然后，我们比较了感知听觉范围（n = 21），并评估了哺乳动物物种的视觉范围（n = 3）（在数据存在的情况下），以确定动物是否可以看到和听到相机陷阱。 我们报告说，相机陷阱产生的声音是在大多数哺乳动物的听觉感知范围内，并产生照明，可以看到许多物种。
Camera traps are electrical instruments that emit sounds and light. In recent decades they have become a tool of choice in wildlife research and monitoring. The variability between camera trap models and the methods used are considerable, and little is known about how animals respond to camera trap emissions. It has been reported that some animals show a response to camera traps, and in research this is often undesirable so it is important to understand why the animals are disturbed. We conducted laboratory based investigations to test the audio and infrared optical outputs of 12 camera trap models. Camera traps were measured for audio outputs in an anechoic chamber; we also measured ultrasonic (n = 5) and infrared illumination outputs (n = 7) of a subset of the camera trap models. We then compared the perceptive hearing range (n = 21) and assessed the vision ranges (n = 3) of mammals species (where data existed) to determine if animals can see and hear camera traps. We report that camera traps produce sounds that are well within the perceptive range of most mammals’ hearing and produce illumination that can be seen by many species.
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DOI：
10.1080/09524622.2008.9753595
发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Gogoleva, S. S.;Volodin, J. A.;Trut, L. N.
通讯作者：
Trut, L. N.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
HEFFNER, HE
通讯作者：
HEFFNER, HE
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
HEFFNER, RS;HEFFNER, HE
通讯作者：
HEFFNER, HE
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Cuevas, Antonio;Febrero, Manuel;Fraiman, Ricardo
通讯作者：
Fraiman, Ricardo
影响因子：
2
作者：
Arrese, C;Archer, M;Beazley, LD
通讯作者：
Beazley, LD