COX‐2 inhibitors selectively block prostacyclin synthesis in endotoxin exposed vascular smooth muscle cells

COX‐2 inhibitors selectively block prostacyclin synthesis in endotoxin exposed vascular smooth muscle cells
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COX-2抑制剂选择性阻断内毒素暴露的血管平滑肌细胞中前列环素的合成

DOI:
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发表时间:
2004
期刊:
The FASEB Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
V. Ullrich
V. Ullrich
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Schildknecht;M. Bachschmid;Achim Baumann;V. Ullrich

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在脓毒性休克患者中有高水平的前列环素(PGI2,测量为6‐keto‐PGF1α)的报道。由于这与我们之前的研究结果不同,即内皮内毒素(LPS)的硝化作用和PGI2合成酶的抑制作用,我们研究了血管平滑肌作为PGI2替代来源的作用。传代1中的牛主动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)含有高水平的PGI2合成酶,但没有活性,也没有检测到COX‐1或COX‐2的水平。LPS暴露3小时导致COX - 2 mRNA和蛋白水平在8小时内升高,同时PGI2合成酶活性大幅增加。相反,细胞因子仅导致PGI2和PGE2的适度增加。特异性COX‐2抑制剂完全阻断PGI2的形成,但仅部分阻断PGE2的合成。出乎意料的是,•NO的形成在6-8小时内仍然很低,这可能是LPS暴露的SMC缺乏硝化和抑制前列腺环素合成酶的原因。我们的研究结果可以解释脓毒性休克进展期严重低血压作为一种补偿内皮功能障碍的机制。根据我们的数据,在脓毒症患者中使用COX‐2特异性抑制剂可能不可取。相比之下,在内毒素休克的进展阶段,给予COX‐1特异性阻滞剂可以阻止血小板聚集。
High levels of prostacyclin (PGI2; measured as 6‐keto‐PGF1α) have been reported in patients under septic shock. Because this was at variance with our previous findings of nitration and inhibition of PGI2 synthase by endotoxin (LPS) in the endothelium, we examined the role of vascular smooth muscle as an alternative source of PGI2. Bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) in passage 1 contained high levels of PGI2 synthase but no activity and no detectable levels of COX‐1 or COX‐2. LPS exposure for 3 h caused COX‐2 mRNA and protein levels to rise during 8 h together with a large increase in PGI2 synthase activity. In contrast, cytokines lead to only a moderate increase of both PGI2 and PGE2. Specific COX‐2 inhibitors completely blocked PGI2 formation but PGE2 synthesis only partially. Unexpectedly, •NO formation remained low over 6–8 h, which may be a reason for the lack of nitration and inhibition of prostacyclin synthase in LPS exposed SMC. Our results can explain the clinical observation of severe hypotension in progressive stages of septic shock as a mechanism to compensate endothelial dysfunction. According to our data, the use of COX‐2‐specific inhibitors may not be advisable in septic patients. In contrast, administration of COX‐1‐specific blockers could prevent platelet aggregation during progressed stages of endotoxic shock.
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