Where in the brain is depression?
Where in the brain is depression?
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DOI：
10.1007/s11920-012-0322-7
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Anand, Amit
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pandya, Mayur;Altinay, Murat;Malone, Donald A., Jr.;Anand, Amit
关键词：
重度抑郁症是一种严重的医学疾病，可导致相当多的发病率和残疾。尽管经过了几十年的研究，抑郁症的神经基础仍然不完全清楚。在这篇综述中，来自神经影像学，神经精神病学和脑刺激研究的证据探索回答有关抑郁症在大脑中的定位问题。神经影像学研究表明，尽管大脑的许多区域反复与抑郁症的病理生理学有关，但直到现在还没有发现许多一致的发现。近年来，神经影像学的重点已经从局部脑异常转移到回路水平的连接异常。然而，连通性模型本质上更复杂，这些模型的有效性仍有待检验。对帕金森病和中风等疾病的神经精神病学研究提供了有关抑郁症相关领域的有希望的线索，但同样一致的发现很少见。类似地，据报道，刺激各种大脑区域和回路对抑郁症有效。因此，目前的知识表明，抑郁症的病理生理可能分布在许多大脑区域和回路中。在未来的研究中，抑郁症的这种分布性需要进一步研究，需要确定受影响的主要和次要区域，需要探索解释复杂心理功能的新范式。
Major Depressive Disorder is a serious medical illness which is responsible for considerable morbidity and disability. Despite decades of research, the neural basis for depression is still incompletely understood. In this review, evidence from neuroimaging, neuropsychiatric and brain stimulations studies are explored to answer the question regarding the localization of depression in the brain. Neuroimaging studies indicate that although many regions of the brain have been repeatedly implicated in the pathophysiology of depression, not many consistent findings have been found until present. In recent times, the focus of neuroimaging has shifted from regional brain abnormalities to circuit level connectivity abnormalities. However, connectivity models are inherently more complicated, and the validity of these models remains to be tested. Neuropsychiatric studies of illnesses such as Parkinson’s Disease and stroke provide promising clues regarding areas involved in depression, but again consistent findings are rare. Similarly, stimulation of a variety of brain regions and circuits has been reported as being effective in depression. Therefore, the current knowledge indicates that the pathophysiology of depression may be distributed across many brain regions and circuits. In future studies, this distributed nature of depression needs to be further investigated, primary and secondary areas affected need to be identified, and new paradigms to explain complex mental functions need to be explored.
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DOI：
10.4088/jcp.11m07413
发表时间：
2012-04-01
期刊：
The Journal of clinical psychiatry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Connolly, K Ryan;Helmer, Amanda;O'Reardon, John P
通讯作者：
O'Reardon, John P
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Baker, Kenneth B.;Kopell, Brian H.;Rezai, Ali R.
通讯作者：
Rezai, Ali R.
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Carpenter, Linda L.;Janicak, Philip G.;Demitrack, Mark A.
通讯作者：
Demitrack, Mark A.
影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Davidson, RJ;Irwin, W;Kalin, NH
通讯作者：
Kalin, NH
影响因子：
17.7
作者：
Bremner, JD;Narayan, M;Charney, DS
通讯作者：
Charney, DS