Large-scale tissue clearing (PACT): Technical evaluation and new perspectives in immunofluorescence, histology, and ultrastructure.

Large-scale tissue clearing (PACT): Technical evaluation and new perspectives in immunofluorescence, histology, and ultrastructure.
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DOI:
10.1038/srep34331
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发表时间:
2016-09-29
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Mack AF
Mack AF
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Neckel PH;Mattheus U;Hirt B;Just L;Mack AF

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像Clarity和PACT这样的新技术使大的组织样本变得透明,从而适合于显微分析。我们使用这些技术来评估它们作为具有复杂组织成分的示范器官在肠道中的潜力。免疫组织化学、光片和共聚焦扫描显微镜使我们能够跟踪复杂的三维结构,如遍布整个器官的神经纤维、血管和上皮屏障。此外,在系统的电子显微镜研究中,我们在超微结构水平上分析了清除过程中组织的形态和保存情况。我们还将组织清除与经典组织学联系起来,并证明清除的组织可以用苏木精-伊红和海德海恩的Azan染色进行染色,这表明在组织病理学中的潜在应用。这些实验表明,在透明过程中,中性的pH可以更好地保存组织的超微结构和标准染色。在实验过程中,对标本的体积变化进行了监测和量化。此外,我们利用这项技术可视化了人死后肠道准备中的肠道神经系统和上皮屏障。我们的数据显示,组织清除在不同类型的组织中具有很高的潜力,这支持了它在研究和诊断中的有效性,并有助于超微结构组织保留的技术讨论。
Novel techniques, like CLARITY and PACT, render large tissue specimens transparent and thereby suitable for microscopic analysis. We used these techniques to evaluate their potential in the intestine as an exemplary organ with a complex tissue composition. Immunohistochemistry, light sheet-, and confocal scanning-microscopy enabled us to follow complex three-dimensional structures, like nerve fibers, vessels, and epithelial barriers throughout the entire organ. Moreover, in a systematic electron microscopic study, we analyzed the morphology and preservation of tissue on ultrastructural level during the clearing process. We also connect tissue clearing with classical histology and demonstrate that cleared tissues can be stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Heidenhain’s Azan stain, suggesting potential use in histopathology. These experiments showed that a neutral pH during the clearing process results in much better preservation of tissue ultrastructure and standard stainability. Volume changes of specimens were monitored and quantified during the course of the protocol. Additionally, we employed the technique to visualize the enteric nervous system and the epithelial barrier in post mortem human gut preparations. Our data show the high potential of tissue clearing throughout different tissue types supporting its usefulness in research and diagnosis, and contribute to the technical discussion of ultrastructural tissue-retention.
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