Water and concentrate intake, weight gain and duration of diarrhea in young suckling calves on different diets
Water and concentrate intake, weight gain and duration of diarrhea in young suckling calves on different diets
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不同日粮下乳牛犊的水和精料摄入量、体重增加和腹泻持续时间
DOI：
10.1016/j.livsci.2013.11.004
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Bachmann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Steinhöfel;Heinrich;Coenen;Bachmann
腹泻的小牛用牛奶或牛奶补充剂和口服补液溶液（ORS）喂养，以确保能量和电解质供应。一种简单省时的方法是在牛奶中制备口服补液盐。由于牛奶基口服补液盐是高渗溶液，服用后可能引发口渴。因此，我们假设，限制性喂养的小牛接受ORS准备在牛奶中有一个更高的水摄入量比限制性andad libitumfed小牛接受ORS准备在水在rhizopheic episodes.每日水摄入量测定100个单独圈养的荷斯坦黑白花奶牛小牛从第2天到第21天的生活。一组小牛喂有限制量的牛奶，另一组通过自动牛奶喂食器随意获得牛奶。几乎所有小牛在生命第2天至第21天的观察期内自发发生腹泻。在腹泻的情况下，限制性喂养的小牛在奶餐后2小时接受在牛奶中制备的ORS或在水中制备的ORS，而自由采食的小牛仅接受在水中制备的ORS。所有小牛均可自由饮水。观察两组患者每日饮水、牛奶、口服补液盐（ORS）摄入量及腹泻期间体重增加情况。数据表示为算术平均值（±标准差），并通过使用单因素方差分析或重复测量方差分析进行分析。从第2天到第21天，饲喂限制量牛奶的小牛具有与总干物质摄入量（干物质）相关的更高的水摄入量，每天1.6 L/kg的总干物质摄入量（0.9 L/kg的总干物质摄入量）。在腹泻的情况下，所有喂养组的饮水量增加。与接受水中制备的ORS的小牛相比，接受乳基ORS的小牛在腹泻期间的饮水量最高，为1.7 L/d。此外，犊牛饲喂ORS牛奶显示4.6 L/d的最高日ORS摄入量。在腹泻持续时间和腹泻期间的日增重方面，喂养方案之间没有差异。因此，可以得出结论，所有饲喂方案均适用于治疗犊牛腹泻。治疗犊牛腹泻最简单的方法是在牛奶中制备ORS，但自由饮水是绝对必要的。此外，小牛在出生后的前3周内饮用大量的水，因此出于动物福利的原因，应提供水。
Diarrheic calves are fed with milk or milk replacer and oral rehydration solutions (ORS) to ensure energy and electrolyte supply. An easy and time-saving method is the preparation of ORS in milk. As milk-based ORS are hypertonic solutions administration of them may trigger thirst. Therefore, we hypothesized that restrictively fed calves receiving ORS prepared in milk had a higher water intake than restrictively andad libitumfed calves receiving ORS prepared in water during diarrheic episodes.The daily water intake was measured in 100 individually-housed Holstein Friesian calves from day 2 to 21 of life. One group of the calves was fed with restrictive amounts of milk, the other group got milkad libitumby an automated milk feeder. Nearly all calves spontaneously developed diarrhea within the observation period from day 2 to 21 of life. In cases of diarrhea the restrictively-fed calves received ORS prepared in milk or ORS prepared in water two hours after their milk meal, whereas thead libitum-fed calves only got ORS prepared in water. All calves hadad libitumaccess to water. The daily intake of water, milk, and ORS and weight gain during diarrheic episode were determined. Data were expressed as arithmetic means (±standard deviation) and analyzed by using a one-way ANOVA or repeated-measures ANOVA.From day 2 to 21 of life calves fed with restrictive amounts of milk had higher water intakes related to the total dry matter intake (DMI) with 1.6 L/kg of total DMI thanad libitum-fed calves (0.9 L/kg of total DMI) per day. In cases of diarrhea water intake increased in all feeding groups. The calves receiving milk-based ORS had the highest water intake with 1.7 L/d during the period of diarrhea compared to the calves received ORS prepared in water. Moreover, the calves fed ORS in milk showed with 4.6 L/d the highest daily ORS intake. There were no differences in the duration of diarrhea or the daily weight gain during period of diarrhea between the feeding regimens. Therefore, it can be concluded that all feeding regimens were suitable in the treatment of calf diarrhea. The simplest method to treat calves suffering from diarrhea is the preparation of ORS in milk, but thenad libitumavailability of water is absolutely necessary. Moreover, calves drink considerable amounts of water within the first 3 weeks of life and therefore should be provided with water for animal welfare reasons.
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喂养补充口服电解质的腹泻犊牛的牛奶的效果。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
影响因子：
--
作者：
Heath Se;J. Naylor;B. L. Guedo;L. Petrie;C. Rousseaux;M. Radostits
通讯作者：
M. Radostits
DOI：
10.1177/0148607192016006569
发表时间：
1992-11
期刊：
JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
影响因子：
--
作者：
W. Souba;A. J. Pacitti
通讯作者：
W. Souba;A. J. Pacitti
添加玉米秸秆饲喂不同水平膳食纤维对精饲高低精料奶牛营养利用的影响
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
G. Lascano;A. Heinrichs
通讯作者：
A. Heinrichs
受新生儿腹泻影响的犊牛血液化学、体重和血细胞比容的变化。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1965
期刊：
British Veterinary Journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Dalton;E. Fisher;W. Mcintyre
通讯作者：
W. Mcintyre
健康犊牛饲喂牛奶以及水基和奶基口服补液溶液后血浆容量、渗透压和酸碱状态的变化
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Bachmann;B. Schmidt;U. Rauwolf;J. Wenge;M. Coenen
通讯作者：
M. Coenen