INP1 involvement in pollen aperture formation is evolutionarily conserved and may require species-specific partners.
INP1 involvement in pollen aperture formation is evolutionarily conserved and may require species-specific partners.
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DOI：
10.1093/jxb/erx407
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发表时间：
2018-02-23
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Dobritsa AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li P;Ben-Menni Schuler S;Reeder SH;Wang R;Suárez Santiago VN;Dobritsa AA
INP1作为花粉孔径因子的作用似乎是进化保守的，但可能需要种特异性的合作伙伴。INP1的中心部分对于物种特异性功能特别重要。花粉壁外壁在花粉表面的沉积通常是不均匀的，低外壁沉积区对应于花粉孔。关于孔径是如何形成的知之甚少，新的拟南芥INP1（INAPERTURATE POLLEN1）蛋白是目前唯一确定的孔径因子。在发育中的花粉，INP1定位于三个质膜域和三个孔的形成的基础。虽然INP1同源物在被子植物中发现，但它们缺乏强的序列保守性。因此，目前还不清楚它们是否也作为孔径因子，以及它们的序列差异是否有助于孔径模式的种间差异。为了探索INP1同源物的功能保守性，我们在玉米中进行了突变体分析，并测试了来自其他几个物种的同源物是否可以在拟南芥中发挥作用。我们的数据表明，INP1参与光圈形成是进化保守的，尽管INP1序列和光圈图案的显着分歧，但可能需要额外的物种特异性因素来指导INP1和光圈图案提供信息。为了确定INP1的定位和功能所需的区域，我们使用了片段融合、结构域交换和种间蛋白嵌合体。我们证明了蛋白质的中心部分对于介导物种特异性功能特别重要。
The role of INP1as a pollen aperture factor seems to be evolutionarily conserved but may need species-specific partners. The central portion of INP1 is particularly important for species-specific functionality. Pollen wall exine is usually deposited non-uniformly on the pollen surface, with areas of low exine deposition corresponding to pollen apertures. Little is known about how apertures form, with the novel Arabidopsis INP1 (INAPERTURATE POLLEN1) protein currently being the only identified aperture factor. In developing pollen, INP1 localizes to three plasma membrane domains and underlies formation of three apertures. Although INP1 homologs are found across angiosperms, they lack strong sequence conservation. Thus, it has been unclear whether they also act as aperture factors and whether their sequence divergence contributes to interspecies differences in aperture patterns. To explore the functional conservation of INP1 homologs, we used mutant analysis in maize and tested whether homologs from several other species could function in Arabidopsis. Our data suggest that the INP1 involvement in aperture formation is evolutionarily conserved, despite the significant divergence of INP1 sequences and aperture patterns, but that additional species-specific factors are likely to be required to guide INP1 and to provide information for aperture patterning. To determine the regions in INP1 necessary for its localization and function, we used fragment fusions, domain swaps, and interspecific protein chimeras. We demonstrate that the central portion of the protein is particularly important for mediating the species-specific functionality.
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