Regulation of Pituitary Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Expression and Secretion by Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Chickens
Regulation of Pituitary Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Expression and Secretion by Hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone in Chickens
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鸡下丘脑促性腺激素释放激素对垂体可卡因和安非他明调节转录物表达和分泌的调节
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2019.00882
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发表时间：
2019-07
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Wang Yajun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mo Chunheng;Lv Can;Huang Long;Li Zhengyang;Zhang Jiannan;Li Juan;Wang Yajun
越来越多的证据表明，可卡因和安非他明调节转录物（cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript，CART）肽在鸟类和哺乳动物的垂体前叶中大量表达，提示CART肽可能是一种新的垂体激素，其表达和分泌可能受下丘脑因子的调控。为了证实这一假设，使用鸡作为动物模型，我们研究了促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）对垂体CART分泌和表达的影响，并研究了GnRH是否可以调节血浆CART水平。结果表明：（1）鸡GnRH（2）实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）显示GnRH可刺激体外培养的垂体细胞CART mRNA的表达;（3）GnRH对垂体CART表达和分泌的作用可能是通过GnRH受体与细胞内Ca ~（2+）、MEK/ERK和cAMP/PKA信号通路偶联而介导的;（4）酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测到鸡在不同发育阶段血浆CART水平较高（1.2- 3.5ng/ml），并显示出随着性成熟而增加的趋势。腹腔注射GnRH可显著诱导鸡血浆CART水平的升高。综上所述，我们的数据提供了第一个集体证据，即CART肽是一种新型垂体激素，其表达和分泌受下丘脑GnRH严格控制，因此可能是下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴的活跃参与者。
There is increasing evidence that cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide is abundantly expressed in the anterior pituitary of birds and mammals, suggesting that CART peptide may be a novel pituitary hormone and its expression and secretion is likely controlled by the hypothalamic factor(s). To substantiate this hypothesis, using chicken as an animal model, we examined the effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on pituitary CART secretion and expression and investigated whether GnRH could modulate plasma CART levels. The results showed that: (1) chicken GnRH (GnRH1 and GnRH2) could potently stimulate CART peptide secretion in intact pituitaries incubated in vitro, as detected by Western blot; (2) GnRH could also stimulate CART mRNA expression in cultured pituitary cells, as revealed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay; (3) GnRH actions on pituitary CART expression and secretion are likely mediated by GnRH receptor coupled to the intracellular Ca2+, MEK/ERK, and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways; and (4) plasma CART levels are high in chickens at various developmental stages (1.2–3.5 ng/ml) and show an increasing trend towards sexual maturity, as detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, plasma CART levels could be significantly induced by intraperitoneal administration of GnRH in chicks. Taken together, our data provide the first collective evidence that CART peptide is a novel pituitary hormone and its expression and secretion are tightly controlled by hypothalamic GnRH, thus likely being an active player in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis.
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DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-819770-7.00008-6
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Sturkie's Avian Physiology
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Scanes
通讯作者：
C. Scanes
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-12-801028-0.00128-8
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Nagasaki;Y. Kobayashi;Yumiko Saito
通讯作者：
H. Nagasaki;Y. Kobayashi;Yumiko Saito
鸡（原鸡）两个 CART 基因（CART1 和 CART2）的表征
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cai G;Mo C;Huang L;Li J;Wang Y
通讯作者：
Wang Y
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Verma S;Kirigiti MA;Millar RP;Grove KL;Smith MS
通讯作者：
Smith MS
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
通讯作者：
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