Assessment of hurricane wind performance and potential design modifications for informally constructed housing in Puerto Rico

Assessment of hurricane wind performance and potential design modifications for informally constructed housing in Puerto Rico
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波多黎各非正式建造住房的飓风性能评估和潜在设计修改

DOI:
10.1007/s11069-022-05222-0
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Javernick-Will, Amy
Javernick-Will, Amy
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lochhead, Meredith;Goldwyn, Briar;Venable, Casie;Liel, Abbie B.;Javernick-Will, Amy

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本研究评估了代表波多黎各非正式建筑实践的各种住房类型的风性能,以建议修改,以提高住房在飓风中的弹性。根据实地调查和访谈,研究确定了四个基本的住房类型和可能的变化,在设计和施工细节。每栋房屋都使用基于性能的潜在关键部件静态风分析进行评估。结果表明,在所有的基地房屋类型考虑的初始管理故障模式是屋顶板损失,由于撕裂的紧固件,与随后的管理故障面板损失,由于失败的檩条桁架连接和失败的桁架墙连接。在平面内的墙壁故障和砌体隆起故障都被发现发生在更高的风速比屋顶故障。为了提高飓风性能,提出了几个可行的修改,包括安装飓风带在桁架到墙和檩条到桁架连接,以及改善面板紧固件接口。在新屋顶的建造中,本研究发现,使用减少屋顶构件之间的间距,四坡屋顶而不是山墙屋顶,以及更高的屋顶坡度可以提高性能。这些建议可以使通过非正规建筑过程建造的房屋更安全,更能抵御飓风,作为一种气候适应形式。
This study assesses the wind performance of various housing typologies representing informal construction practices in Puerto Rico to suggest modifications to enhance housing resilience in hurricanes. Based on fieldwork and interviews, the study defined four base housing typologies and possible variations in design and construction details. Each house was assessed using performance-based static wind analysis of potentially critical components. The results show that the initial governing failure mode in all base house typologies considered is roof panel loss due to tear-through at the fasteners, with subsequent governing failures being panel loss due to failures at the purlin-to-truss connections and failures of the truss-to-wall connections. In-plane wall failures and masonry uplift failures were both found to occur at much higher wind speeds than roof failures. To improve the hurricane performance, several feasible modifications are suggested, including installing hurricane straps at both the truss-to-wall and the purlin-to-truss connections, as well as improving the panel-fastener interface. In the construction of new roofs, this study found that using reduced spacing between roof members, hip roofs instead of gable roofs, and higher roof slopes leads to improved performance. These recommendations can make houses built through informal construction processes safer and more resilient to hurricanes as a form of climate adaptation.
热带地区的困境:多灾种环境中住房安全观念、偏好和优先事项的变化
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发表时间: 2021
影响因子: 2.7
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