A conceptual view at microtubule plus end dynamics in neuronal axons.
A conceptual view at microtubule plus end dynamics in neuronal axons.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.08.006
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发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Prokop A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Voelzmann A;Hahn I;Pearce SP;Sánchez-Soriano N;Prokop A
轴突是连接大脑的神经元的电缆状延伸。轴突的形成和维护需要有序的微管 (MT) 束。我们讨论调节轴突 MT 解/聚合的机制。我们讨论局部稳态模型来解释 MT 束的维持。轴突是神经元的电缆状突起，连接神经系统。极地微管束（MT）构成了它们的结构主干，是近端细胞体和远端突触之间维持生命的运输的高速公路。轴突在发育、塑性重排、再生或退化过程中的任何形态发生变化都取决于这些 MT 束的动态变化。实现这种变化的一个关键机制是这些束内 MT 正端的协调聚合和解聚。为了了解如何在细胞水平上实现这种调节，我们在此提供了我们所掌握的有关调节 MT 解/聚合的分子机制的广泛知识的综合概述。我们首先总结从体外工作中获得的见解，然后描述提供基本微管蛋白构建块的机制、与 MT 正端相关的蛋白质复合物以及影响正端动力学的基于 MT 轴的机制。我们简要总结了 MT 加末端动力学对轴突重要细胞功能的贡献，并通过讨论将现有分子知识整合到轴突水平的概念理解中的挑战和潜在策略来结束。
Axons are the cable-like extensions of neurons which wire the brain. Axon formation and maintenance requires ordered microtubule (MT) bundles. We discuss the mechanisms that regulate the de/polymerisation of axonal MTs. We discuss the model of local homeostasis to explain the maintenance of MT bundles. Axons are the cable-like protrusions of neurons which wire up the nervous system. Polar bundles of microtubules (MTs) constitute their structural backbones and are highways for life-sustaining transport between proximal cell bodies and distal synapses. Any morphogenetic changes of axons during development, plastic rearrangement, regeneration or degeneration depend on dynamic changes of these MT bundles. A key mechanism for implementing such changes is the coordinated polymerisation and depolymerisation at the plus ends of MTs within these bundles. To gain an understanding of how such regulation can be achieved at the cellular level, we provide here an integrated overview of the extensive knowledge we have about the molecular mechanisms regulating MT de/polymerisation. We first summarise insights gained from work in vitro, then describe the machinery which supplies the essential tubulin building blocks, the protein complexes associating with MT plus ends, and MT shaft-based mechanisms that influence plus end dynamics. We briefly summarise the contribution of MT plus end dynamics to important cellular functions in axons, and conclude by discussing the challenges and potential strategies of integrating the existing molecular knowledge into conceptual understanding at the level of axons.
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DOI：
10.1083/jcb.149.5.1087
发表时间：
2000-05-29
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
3
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Al-Bassam, Jawdat;Kim, Hwajin;Brouhard, Gary;van Oijen, Antoine;Harrison, Stephen C.;Chang, Fred
通讯作者：
Chang, Fred
DOI：
10.1038/nrn2946
发表时间：
2011-01
期刊：
Nature reviews. Neuroscience
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Reid E
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.200208001
发表时间：
2002-11-25
期刊：
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Sendtner M