Cigarette smoke toxins deposited on surfaces: implications for human health.
Cigarette smoke toxins deposited on surfaces: implications for human health.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0086391
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Curras-Collazo M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martins-Green M;Adhami N;Frankos M;Valdez M;Goodwin B;Lyubovitsky J;Dhall S;Garcia M;Egiebor I;Martinez B;Green HW;Havel C;Yu L;Liles S;Matt G;Destaillats H;Sleiman M;Gundel LA;Benowitz N;Jacob P 3rd;Hovell M;Winickoff JP;Curras-Collazo M
吸烟对吸烟者和不吸烟者都是一个重大的健康威胁。二手烟（SHS）本质上比直接吸入的烟雾更具毒性。最近，一种新的威胁被发现-三手烟（THS）-随着时间的推移，SHS在表面上的积累，变得越来越有毒。THS对儿童、吸烟者的配偶和在允许吸烟或曾经允许吸烟的环境中工作的工人来说是一种潜在的健康威胁。本研究的目的是研究THS对肝脏，肺，皮肤愈合和行为的影响，使用在模拟人类暴露条件下暴露于THS的动物模型。暴露于THS的小鼠显示出多个器官系统的改变，并排泄出与暴露于SHS（因此暴露于THS）的儿童相似的NNAL（烟草特异性致癌物生物标志物）水平。在肝脏中，THS导致脂质水平升高和非酒精性脂肪肝疾病，这是肝硬化和癌症的前兆，也是心血管疾病的潜在因素。在肺中，THS刺激过量的胶原蛋白产生和高水平的炎性细胞因子，这表明纤维化倾向与炎症诱导的疾病如慢性阻塞性肺病和哮喘有关。在受伤的皮肤中，暴露于THS的小鼠的愈合具有在人类吸烟者中观察到的手术切口愈合不良的许多特征。最后，行为测试表明，暴露于THS的小鼠变得过度活跃。后一项数据，结合暴露于SHS/THS的儿童中出现的相关行为问题，表明随着长期暴露，他们可能有患上更严重神经系统疾病的重大风险。这些结果为研究THS对人类的毒性作用提供了基础，并为潜在的监管政策提供了信息，以防止非自愿暴露于THS。
Cigarette smoking remains a significant health threat for smokers and nonsmokers alike. Secondhand smoke (SHS) is intrinsically more toxic than directly inhaled smoke. Recently, a new threat has been discovered – Thirdhand smoke (THS) – the accumulation of SHS on surfaces that ages with time, becoming progressively more toxic. THS is a potential health threat to children, spouses of smokers and workers in environments where smoking is or has been allowed. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of THS on liver, lung, skin healing, and behavior, using an animal model exposed to THS under conditions that mimic exposure of humans. THS-exposed mice show alterations in multiple organ systems and excrete levels of NNAL (a tobacco-specific carcinogen biomarker) similar to those found in children exposed to SHS (and consequently to THS). In liver, THS leads to increased lipid levels and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a precursor to cirrhosis and cancer and a potential contributor to cardiovascular disease. In lung, THS stimulates excess collagen production and high levels of inflammatory cytokines, suggesting propensity for fibrosis with implications for inflammation-induced diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. In wounded skin, healing in THS-exposed mice has many characteristics of the poor healing of surgical incisions observed in human smokers. Lastly, behavioral tests show that THS-exposed mice become hyperactive. The latter data, combined with emerging associated behavioral problems in children exposed to SHS/THS, suggest that, with prolonged exposure, they may be at significant risk for developing more severe neurological disorders. These results provide a basis for studies on the toxic effects of THS in humans and inform potential regulatory policies to prevent involuntary exposure to THS.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Matt GE;Quintana PJ;Destaillats H;Gundel LA;Sleiman M;Singer BC;Jacob P;Benowitz N;Winickoff JP;Rehan V;Talbot P;Schick S;Samet J;Wang Y;Hang B;Martins-Green M;Pankow JF;Hovell MF
通讯作者：
Hovell MF
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Lee K;Xue J;Geyh AS;Ozkaynak H;Leaderer BP;Weschler CJ;Spengler JD
通讯作者：
Spengler JD
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Hang, Bo;Sarker, Altaf H.;Gundel, Lara A.
通讯作者：
Gundel, Lara A.
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Jacob, Peyton, III;Havel, Christopher;Benowitz, Neal L.
通讯作者：
Benowitz, Neal L.
影响因子：
8
作者：
Levy, Douglas E.;Winickoff, Jonathan P.;Rigotti, Nancy A.
通讯作者：
Rigotti, Nancy A.