In vivo HIF-mediated reductive carboxylation is regulated by citrate levels and sensitizes VHL-deficient cells to glutamine deprivation.

In vivo HIF-mediated reductive carboxylation is regulated by citrate levels and sensitizes VHL-deficient cells to glutamine deprivation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cmet.2013.02.002
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发表时间:
2013-03-05
期刊:
影响因子:
29
通讯作者:
Iliopoulos O
Iliopoulos O
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gameiro PA;Yang J;Metelo AM;Pérez-Carro R;Baker R;Wang Z;Arreola A;Rathmell WK;Olumi A;López-Larrubia P;Stephanopoulos G;Iliopoulos O

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缺氧和VHL缺陷型细胞利用谷氨酰胺通过α-酮戊二酸的还原羧化作用(RC)生成柠檬酸和脂质。为了深入了解HIF的作用以及还原羧化作用背后的分子机制,我们利用了一组与疾病相关的VHL突变体,并表明HIF表达对于诱导人肾细胞癌(RCC)细胞中的还原羧化作用是必要且充分的。HIF表达大幅降低细胞内柠檬酸水平。给VHL缺陷型肾细胞癌细胞提供乙酸盐或柠檬酸,或者敲低PDK - 1和ACLY可恢复柠檬酸水平并抑制还原羧化作用。这些数据表明,HIF诱导的低细胞内柠檬酸水平通过质量作用促进还原通量以维持脂肪生成。利用[1 - 13C]谷氨酰胺,我们在作为小鼠异种移植物生长的VHL缺陷型肿瘤中证实了体内还原羧化作用活性。最后,HIF使VHL缺陷型细胞在体外对谷氨酰胺剥夺敏感,并且谷氨酰胺酶抑制剂的全身给药抑制了作为小鼠异种移植物的肾细胞癌细胞的生长。
Hypoxic and VHL-deficient cells use glutamine to generate citrate and lipids through reductive carboxylation (RC) of α-ketoglutarate. To gain insights into the role of HIF and the molecular mechanisms underlying RC, we took advantage of a panel of disease-associated VHL mutants and showed that HIF expression is necessary and sufficient for the induction of RC in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cells. HIF expression drastically reduced intracellular citrate levels. Feeding VHL-deficient RCC cells with acetate or citrate or knocking down PDK-1 and ACLY restored citrate levels and suppressed RC. These data suggest that HIF-induced low intracellular citrate levels promote the reductive flux by mass action to maintain lipogenesis. Using [1–13C] glutamine, we demonstrated in vivo RC activity in VHL-deficient tumors growing as xenografts in mice. Lastly, HIF rendered VHL-deficient cells sensitive to glutamine deprivation in vitro, and systemic administration of glutaminase inhibitors suppressed the growth of RCC cells as mice xenografts.
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