Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: an integrated review of human literature.
Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: an integrated review of human literature.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-010-2009-2
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Pizzagalli, Diego A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pechtel, Pia;Pizzagalli, Diego A.
人类早期生活应激（ELS）对后期行为和神经生物学影响的研究是一个快速发展的领域。虽然流行病学和神经生物学研究描绘了一幅消极的结果，相对较少的注意力已经致力于整合的广度的研究结果可能与ELS相关的认知和情感缺陷。从纵向研究的健康样本中检查大脑的发育轨迹的新发现可能提供一个新的框架，以了解ELS后遗症的机制。这次审查的目标有两个。第一个是总结研究结果的纵向数据规范的大脑发展。第二个是利用这个框架的规范大脑发展来解释与ELS后认知和情感功能的缺陷相关的发展轨迹的变化。五个规范的大脑发育的原则被确定，并用于讨论ELS的行为和神经后遗症。早期逆境被发现与一系列认知（认知表现，记忆和执行功能）和情感（奖励处理，处理社会和情感刺激，情绪调节）功能的缺陷有关。得出三个一般性结论：（1）与经历长期产后发育的大脑区域相关的高级、复杂的认知和情感功能特别容易受到ELS的有害影响;（2）杏仁核对早期ELS特别敏感;（3）一些缺陷，特别是情感领域的缺陷，似乎在ELS停止后持续多年，并可能增加后期精神病理学的风险。
The investigation of putative effects of early life stress (ELS) in humans on later behavior and neurobiology is a fast developing field. While epidemiological and neurobiological studies paint a somber picture of negative outcomes, relatively little attention has been devoted to integrating the breadth of findings concerning possible cognitive and emotional deficits associated with ELS. Emerging findings from longitudinal studies examining developmental trajectories of the brain in healthy samples may provide a new framework to understand mechanisms underlying ELS sequelae. The goal of this review was two-fold. The first was to summarize findings from longitudinal data on normative brain development. The second was to utilize this framework of normative brain development to interpret changes in developmental trajectories associated with deficits in cognitive and affective function following ELS. Five principles of normative brain development were identified and used to discuss behavioral and neural sequelae of ELS. Early adversity was found to be associated with deficits in a range of cognitive (cognitive performance, memory, and executive functioning) and affective (reward processing, processing of social and affective stimuli, and emotion regulation) functions. Three general conclusions emerge: (1) higher-order, complex cognitive and affective functions associated with brain regions undergoing protracted postnatal development are particularly vulnerable to the deleterious effects of ELS; (2) the amygdala is particularly sensitive to early ELS; and (3) several deficits, particularly those in the affective domain, appear to persist years after ELS has ceased and may increase risk for later psychopathology.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Brake, WG;Sullivan, RM;Gratton, A
通讯作者：
Gratton, A
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01853.x
发表时间：
2008-04-01
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影响因子：
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