Bacterial biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relations are modified by environmental complexity.
Bacterial biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relations are modified by environmental complexity.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0010834
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发表时间：
2010-05-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Prosser JI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langenheder S;Bulling MT;Solan M;Prosser JI
随着人们认识到人类活动引起的环境变化正在导致全球生物多样性的下降，人们非常关注了解生物多样性的变化如何改变生态系统的功能水平。虽然环境复杂性长期以来一直被认为是进化过程中的主要驱动力，但直到最近才将其纳入生物多样性-生态系统功能研究。环境复杂性预计将加强物种丰富度对生态系统功能的积极影响，主要是因为当可用资源数量增加时，它会导致更强的互补效应，例如资源分配和促进物种之间的相互作用。在这里，我们实施了一项实验，以测试物种丰富度和环境复杂性，更具体地说，资源丰富度随时间推移对生态系统功能的综合影响。我们使用由六个物种组成的细菌群落中的所有可能的物种组合，以及三种底物的所有可能的组合，表明多样性-功能(代谢活动)关系随着时间的推移从线性变化到饱和。这可能是由于随着实验的进展，相互竞争的物种之间有限的互补效应和负面相互作用的组合造成的。尽管物种丰富和资源丰富都增强了生态系统的功能，但它们彼此独立地做到了这一点。相反，特定物种和底物组合之间存在复杂的相互作用。我们的研究清楚地表明，物种丰富性和环境复杂性都增加了生态系统的功能。这两个因素之间没有直接的相互作用，相反，某些物种和资源的组合之间相当复杂的相互作用是积极的生物多样性生态系统功能关系的基础，这一发现表明，需要详细了解单个物种如何与复杂的自然环境相互作用，以便可靠地预测生物多样性水平的变化将如何影响生态系统功能。
With the recognition that environmental change resulting from anthropogenic activities is causing a global decline in biodiversity, much attention has been devoted to understanding how changes in biodiversity may alter levels of ecosystem functioning. Although environmental complexity has long been recognised as a major driving force in evolutionary processes, it has only recently been incorporated into biodiversity-ecosystem functioning investigations. Environmental complexity is expected to strengthen the positive effect of species richness on ecosystem functioning, mainly because it leads to stronger complementarity effects, such as resource partitioning and facilitative interactions among species when the number of available resource increases. Here we implemented an experiment to test the combined effect of species richness and environmental complexity, more specifically, resource richness on ecosystem functioning over time. We show, using all possible combinations of species within a bacterial community consisting of six species, and all possible combinations of three substrates, that diversity-functioning (metabolic activity) relationships change over time from linear to saturated. This was probably caused by a combination of limited complementarity effects and negative interactions among competing species as the experiment progressed. Even though species richness and resource richness both enhanced ecosystem functioning, they did so independently from each other. Instead there were complex interactions between particular species and substrate combinations. Our study shows clearly that both species richness and environmental complexity increase ecosystem functioning. The finding that there was no direct interaction between these two factors, but that instead rather complex interactions between combinations of certain species and resources underlie positive biodiversity ecosystem functioning relationships, suggests that detailed knowledge of how individual species interact with complex natural environments will be required in order to make reliable predictions about how altered levels of biodiversity will most likely affect ecosystem functioning.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1982.0055
发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON SERIES B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
影响因子：
--
作者：
HARDER, W;DIJKHUIZEN, L
通讯作者：
DIJKHUIZEN, L
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Loreau, M
通讯作者：
Loreau, M
影响因子：
10.1
作者：
Luo, Y;Su, B;Field, CB
通讯作者：
Field, CB
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Bell, T;Newman, JA;Lilley, AK
通讯作者：
Lilley, AK
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Barrett, RDH;MacLean, RC;Bell, G
通讯作者：
Bell, G