Clausius relation and Friedmann equation in FRW universe model

Clausius relation and Friedmann equation in FRW universe model
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FRW宇宙模型中的克劳修斯关系和弗里德曼方程

DOI:
10.1088/1475-7516/2010/05/030
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发表时间:
2010-01
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
Chen, Yi-Xin
Chen, Yi-Xin
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cao, Qiao-Jun;Shao, Kai-Nan;Chen, Yi-Xin

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在Einstein引力、Gauss-Bonnet引力、Lovelock引力、标量张量引力和f(R)引力中,FRW宇宙的Friedmann方程可以由热力学第一定律导出。此外,还指出对于由Kodama矢量定义的相应观测者,可以利用隧穿形式得到视视界的温度。在本文中,我们发现通过视视界的能流可以用Kodama矢量来确定。这意味着FRW宇宙中与视视界相关的克劳修斯关系和热力学第一定律是相对于Kodama观测者的。我们给出了Friedmann方程的推导过程,并将研究推广到了Hoenava-Lifshitz引力和IR修正的Hoenava-Lifshitz引力的情形。
It has been shown that Friedmann equation of FRW universe can be derived from the first law of thermodynamics in Einstein gravity, Gauss-Bonnet gravity, Lovelock gravity, scalar-tensor gravity and f(R) gravity. Moreover, it was pointed out that the temperature of the apparent horizon can be obtained using the tunneling formalism for the corresponding observers defined by Kodama vector. In this article, we find that the energy flux through the apparent horizon can be determined by using the Kodama vector. This implies the fact that the Clausius relation and the first law of thermodynamics associated with the apparent horizon in FRW universe is relative to the Kodama observers. We illustrate the derivation of Friedmann equation, and also extend the study to the cases of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity and IR modified Hořava-Lifshitz gravity.
DOI: 10.1143/ptp.63.1217
发表时间: 1980-04
影响因子: --
作者:
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DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/08/090
发表时间: 2008-08-01
影响因子: 5.4
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