Late Middle Pleistocene Elephants from Natodomeri, Kenya and the Disappearance of Elephas (Proboscidea, Mammalia) in Africa
Late Middle Pleistocene Elephants from Natodomeri, Kenya and the Disappearance of Elephas (Proboscidea, Mammalia) in Africa
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肯尼亚纳托多梅里的中更新世晚期大象和象(长鼻目,哺乳动物)在非洲的消失
DOI:
10.1007/s10914-019-09474-9
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Brown, Francis H.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo;Sanders, William J.;Plavcan, J. Michael;Cerling, Thure E.;Brown, Francis H.
Comparative morphometric study of recently recovered fossil elephant molars from Natodomeri, Kenya identifies them as belonging toElephas jolensisand confirms the presence of this species in Members I and II of the Kibish Formation. Improved datation of these geological units constrains them between 205 and 130 ka.Elephas jolensisis also reported from localities in northern, northwestern, eastern, and southern Africa. Thus, including its Natodomeri occurrence,E. jolensisappears to have been pan-African in distribution. Despite the wide geographic distribution of the species, molars ofE. jolensisare remarkably uniform morphometrically. They are characterized by their extreme hypsodonty, high amplitude of enamel folding, high lamellar frequency, and plates that are anteroposteriorly thick relative to transverse valley interval spacing. In addition, they exhibit only a modest number of plates (<20 in M3/m3).Elephas jolensiseither evolved from or represents the last stage ofElephas recki, the dominant elephant species in East Africa during the late Pliocene-Pleistocene. The dental morphology and isotopic composition ofE. jolensisindicates that, likeE. recki, it was a dedicated grazer. In the Kibish Formation,E. jolensisis succeeded byLoxodonta africanaat 130 ka, coincident with an intensely cool, dry interval marked by episodes of extreme drought. This marked the extirpation ofElephason the continent. The intensity and increased rate of climate fluctuation may have played an important role in the demise of the specialist, grazingE. recki-E. jolensislineage in favor of a generalist, mixed feeder such asL. africana.
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影响因子:
2.8
作者:
K. Coffing;C. Feibel;M. Leakey;A. Walker
通讯作者:
A. Walker
影响因子:
2.7
作者:
I. Mcdougall;F. Brown
通讯作者:
F. Brown
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2010
期刊:
The Anatomical Record
影响因子:
--
作者:
N. Todd
通讯作者:
N. Todd
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2006
期刊:
影响因子:
--
作者:
P. Beaumont
通讯作者:
P. Beaumont
影响因子:
1.4
作者:
F. Manthi;F. Brown;Michael Plavcan;L. Werdelin
通讯作者:
L. Werdelin