The Last Chance Saloon.

The Last Chance Saloon.
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最后机会沙龙

DOI:
10.3389/fcell.2021.671297
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Gartner A
Gartner A
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hong Y;Zhang H;Gartner A

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准确的染色体分离需要去除所有的染色质桥,这些染色质桥在细胞分裂前连接染色体。当染色质桥不能被去除时,细胞周期进程可能停止,或者胞质分裂失败和随后的多倍化可能发生。相反,染色质桥的不适当切断会导致染色体断裂、断裂点处基因组过度不稳定、微核形成和染色体断裂。在这篇简短的综述中,我们首先描述了染色质桥的起源,通过机械力对染色质桥的毒性处理,以及TREX 1核酸外切酶。然后,我们专注于分裂检查点(NoCut),它可以赋予胞质分裂进程的短暂延迟,以促进桥的解决。最后,我们描述了一个最近发现的机制,发现在C。其中保守的中间体相关核酸内切酶LEM-3/ANKLE 1能够解析在细胞分裂的最后阶段由DNA代谢的各种扰动产生的染色质桥。我们还讨论了如何LEM-3依赖的染色质桥分辨率可能与切割检查点(NoCut)协调,以实现无错误的切割,因此作为一个“最后的机会沙龙”,以促进基因组的完整性和生物体的生存。
Accurate chromosome segregation requires the removal of all chromatin bridges, which link chromosomes before cell division. When chromatin bridges fail to be removed, cell cycle progression may halt, or cytokinesis failure and ensuing polyploidization may occur. Conversely, the inappropriate severing of chromatin bridges leads to chromosome fragmentation, excessive genome instability at breakpoints, micronucleus formation, and chromothripsis. In this mini-review, we first describe the origins of chromatin bridges, the toxic processing of chromatin bridges by mechanical force, and the TREX1 exonuclease. We then focus on the abscission checkpoint (NoCut) which can confer a transient delay in cytokinesis progression to facilitate bridge resolution. Finally, we describe a recently identified mechanism uncovered in C. elegans where the conserved midbody associated endonuclease LEM-3/ANKLE1 is able to resolve chromatin bridges generated by various perturbations of DNA metabolism at the final stage of cell division. We also discuss how LEM-3 dependent chromatin bridge resolution may be coordinated with abscission checkpoint (NoCut) to achieve an error-free cleavage, therefore acting as a “last chance saloon” to facilitate genome integrity and organismal survival.
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