Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker armor—Development, damage, and defense in the intertidal

Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker armor—Development, damage, and defense in the intertidal
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Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker 盔甲——潮间带的发育、伤害和防御

DOI:
10.1002/jmor.21435
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
Cohen, Karly E.
Cohen, Karly E.
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Woodruff, Eleanor C.;Huie, Jonathan M.;Summers, Adam P.;Cohen, Karly E.

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捕食、战斗,以及粗糙和高冲击性环境中的投射和箭,只是鱼类所面临的生物和非生物压力的一部分。在北太平洋潮下带发现的太平洋刺突吸鱼(Eummicrotreus Orbis)是一种圆润的鱼,上面覆盖着表皮、锥形、釉质齿齿。在被海浪席卷的岩石潮间带中,笨蛋是一名糟糕的游泳运动员,这种盔甲可能是解决与非生物障碍物碰撞问题的轻量级解决方案。我们使用显微CT和扫描电子显微镜来揭示盔甲的形态和个体发育,并量化相对于内骨骼的矿化量。不重叠的齿形牙齿被组织成八排--身体上六排,眼睛周围一排,下巴下一排。齿齿鱼最初是一个单一的钩状锥体;它们通过增加附着成螺旋形的尖端而生长。与骨骼相比,在盔甲上的矿物投资比个体发育增加。盔甲的损坏既是通过被动磨损,也是通过撞击造成的破坏;没有证据表明损坏的齿状牙需要更换或修复。
Predation, combat, and the slings and arrows of an abrasive and high impact environment, represent just some of the biotic and abiotic stressors that fishes are armored against. The Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker (Eumicrotremus orbis) found in the subtidal of the Northern Pacific Ocean is a rotund fish covered with epidermal, cone‐shaped, enamel odontodes. The Lumpsucker is a poor swimmer in the wave swept rocky intertidal, and this armor may be a lightweight solution to the problem of collisions with abiotic obstacles. We use micro‐CT and scanning electron microscopy to reveal the morphology and ontogeny of the armor, and to quantify the amount of mineralization relative to the endoskeleton. The non‐overlapping odontodes are organized into eight rows—six rows on the body, one row surrounding the eye, and one row underneath the chin. Odontodes start as a single, hooked cone; and they grow by the addition of cusps that accrete into a spiral. The mineral investment in armor compared to skeleton increases over ontogeny. Damage to the armor occurs both through passive abrasion and breakage from impact; and there is no evidence of replacement, or repair of damaged odontodes.
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