An early marker of axial pattern in the chick embryo and its respecification by retinoic acid.
An early marker of axial pattern in the chick embryo and its respecification by retinoic acid.
复制标题
鸡胚轴向模式的早期标记及其通过视黄酸的重新特异性。
作者：
O. Sundin;G. Eichele
Chick Ghox 2.9蛋白是一种含有同源结构域的多肽，首先在原肠胚中期胚胎中检测到，其水平在原肠胚晚期迅速增加。此时，最初沿着原条沿着的狭窄表达带横向扩展以形成盾状结构域，其几乎包围胚胎的整个后部区域并向前延伸远至Hensen结。我们已经发现，这个表达域共定位的形态特征，包括一层的无触，增厚的中胚层。抗体染色表明Ghox 2.9蛋白存在于该中胚层区域的所有细胞中。相反，外胚层内的表达覆盖的区域的无触中胚层变化很大。最高水平的表达被发现在外胚层附近的条纹和周围的亨森氏结，最近的命运定位研究表明，主要注定要引起neurectoderm的地区。在终纹期（汉堡和汉密尔顿第4期），鸡胚对视黄酸诱导的轴向畸形特别敏感。在用视黄酸脉冲处理定条胚后4小时，Ghox 2.9蛋白的表达大大提高。这种异位表达发生在亨森结前的组织中，包括底板、脊索、假定神经板和侧板中胚层，但不发生在胚胎的最前部区域。Ghox 2.9的异位诱导在外胚层中最强，而在下面的中胚层中较弱。整个胚胎的内胚层没有反应。在第11阶段，Ghox 2.9通常在发育中的后脑的菱形节4内以高水平表达。在维甲酸处理的胚胎已经发展到这个阶段，典型的菱形边界基本上是不存在的。尽管如此，Ghox 2.9仍然被表示为一个离散的带，但它被加宽并移位到更前面的位置。
Chick Ghox 2.9 protein, a homeodomain-containing polypeptide, is first detected in the mid-gastrula stage embryo and its levels increase rapidly in the late gastrula. At this time, the initially narrow band of expression along the primitive streak expands laterally to form a shield-like domain that encompasses almost the entire posterior region of the embryo and extends anteriorly as far as Hensen's node. We have found that this expression domain co-localizes with a morphological feature that consists of a stratum of refractile, thickened mesoderm. Antibody-staining indicates that Ghox 2.9 protein is present in all cells of this mesodermal region. In contrast, expression within the ectoderm overlying the region of refractile mesoderm varies considerably. The highest levels of expression are found in ectoderm near the streak and surrounding Hensen's node, regions that recent fate mapping studies suggest that primarily destined to give rise to neurectoderm. At the definitive streak stage (Hamburger and Hamilton stage 4) the chick embryo is especially sensitive to the induction of axial malformations by retinoic acid. Four hours after the treatment of definitive streak embryos with a pulse of retinoic acid the expression of Ghox 2.9 protein is greatly elevated. This ectopic expression occurs in tissues anterior to Hensen's node, including floor plate, notochord, presumptive neural plate and lateral plate mesoderm, but does not occur in the anteriormost region of the embryo. The ectopic induction of Ghox 2.9 is strongest in ectoderm, and weaker in the underlying mesoderm. Endoderm throughout the embryo is unresponsive. At stage 11, Ghox 2.9 is normally expressed at high levels within rhombomere 4 of the developing hindbrain. In retinoic-acid-treated embryos which have developed to this stage, typical rhombomere boundaries are largely absent. Nevertheless, Ghox 2.9 is still expressed as a discrete band, but one that is widened and displaced to a more anterior position.
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通过局部注射荧光组织化学标记物（外胚层衍生物）来绘制鸟类外胚层的命运图。
DOI：
10.1002/jez.1402550309
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
The Journal of experimental zoology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Schoenwolf,GC;Sheard,P
通讯作者：
Sheard,P
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
E. Davidson
通讯作者：
E. Davidson
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
M. A. Frohman;Monica Boyle;Gail R. Martin
通讯作者：
M. A. Frohman;Monica Boyle;Gail R. Martin
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
BLUMBERG, B;WRIGHT, CVE;CHO, KWY
通讯作者：
CHO, KWY
类维生素A和脊椎动物肢体模式的形成。
DOI：
10.1016/0168-9525(89)90096-6
发表时间：
1989
期刊：
Trends in genetics : TIG
影响因子：
--
作者：
Eichele,G
通讯作者：
Eichele,G