Thermodynamic geometry of ideal quantum gases: a general framework and a geometric picture of BEC-enhanced heat engines
Thermodynamic geometry of ideal quantum gases: a general framework and a geometric picture of BEC-enhanced heat engines
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理想量子气体的热力学几何：BEC增强热机的一般框架和几何图
DOI：
10.1088/1367-2630/acc966
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Eglinton J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eglinton J
热力学几何提供了一个物理上透明的框架来描述由外部控制参数缓慢变化驱动的中观和微观尺度系统中的热力学过程。专注于热机的周期性驱动，我们将这个框架扩展到理想量子气体。为此，我们证明了平衡物理的标准方法，即通过化学势固定平均粒子数来使用一个大正则系综来模拟一个正则系综，可以以热力学一致的方式扩展到慢驱动状态。作为我们理论的一个关键应用，我们使用lindblad型量子主方程来计算使用谐波捕获的玻色气体的量子多体发动机的动力学模型。我们的研究结果提供了一幅几何图，显示了先前基于内可逆模型预测的这种类型发动机的波色-爱因斯坦凝聚诱导功率增强（Myers et al 2022 New J. Phys. 24 025001）。使用先前导出的功率和效率之间的普遍权衡关系作为基准，我们进一步表明，在给定效率下，玻色-气体发动机可以提供比同等数量的单机发动机更大的功率。我们的工作为更普遍的热力学框架铺平了道路，使系统地评估量子多体效应对热机性能的影响成为可能。
Thermodynamic geometry provides a physically transparent framework to describe thermodynamic processes in meso-and micro-scale systems that are driven by slow variations of external control parameters. Focusing on periodic driving for thermal machines, we extend this framework to ideal quantum gases. To this end, we show that the standard approach of equilibrium physics, where a grand-canonical ensemble is used to model a canonical one by fixing the mean particle number through the chemical potential, can be extended to the slow driving regime in a thermodynamically consistent way. As a key application of our theory, we use a Lindblad-type quantum master equation to work out a dynamical model of a quantum many-body engine using a harmonically trapped Bose-gas. Our results provide a geometric picture of the Bose–Einstein condensate-induced power enhancement that was previously predicted for this type of engine on the basis of an endoreversible model (Myers et al 2022 New J. Phys. 24 025001). Using an earlier derived universal trade-off relation between power and efficiency as a benchmark, we further show that the Bose-gas engine can deliver significantly more power at given efficiency than an equally large collection of single-body engines. Our work paves the way for a more general thermodynamic framework that makes it possible to systematically assess the impact of quantum many-body effects on the performance of thermal machines.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Noufal Jaseem;Sai Vinjanampathy;V. Mukherjee
通讯作者：
V. Mukherjee
具有远距离优势的量子热机
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Andrea Solfanelli;G. Giachetti;M. Campisi;S. Ruffo;Nicolò Defenu
通讯作者：
Nicolò Defenu
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Koch, Jennifer;Menon, Keerthy;Cuestas, Eloisa;Barbosa, Sian;Lutz, Eric;Fogarty, Thomas;Busch, Thomas;Widera, Artur
通讯作者：
Widera, Artur