Cutting the Network, Knotting the Line: a Linaeological Approach to Network Analysis
Cutting the Network, Knotting the Line: a Linaeological Approach to Network Analysis
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切断网络，打结线：网络分析的线性学方法
DOI：
10.1007/s10816-020-09450-1
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Pálsson, Gísli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pálsson, Gísli
近年来，网络方法在考古学中迅速兴起。对于正式网络能否有效地模拟当地互动，人们仍然感到关切。这些经常出现在所谓的定性网络方法中，这些研究往往基于对实体之间关系的仔细阅读以及它们形成代理动态网络的方式。这些研究表明，仔细审查在实践中可能对关系采取行动的方式，以及这种方式与预期结果可能有何不同，是有价值的。但很少这样做的研究产生的网络数据的分析，正式的网络分析方法。另一方面，形式化方法模糊了个体关系的特殊性，并将其大部分特殊性用于对大型数据集之间的关系进行一般性陈述的能力。更一般地说，关系/边缘的模态是正式网络分析与当今考古学中流行的其他流行关系方法不同的关键方式，在考古学中，个体关系的实质性是至关重要的。这种关系通常被视为后续杂交的起点，这些杂交会从根本上改变（即使只是暂时的）各自网络的结构。我认为，一个关键的一步，让网络重新从初始的，数据驱动的网络图式是引入一个更对称的机构之间的节点和边缘。在这篇文章中，我将讨论如何民族志来源可以用来实现这一点的考古调查数据。我使用组合理论作为一个框架，探索潜在的边缘提供考古网络建模。虽然集合理论有助于实现这一目标，但集合理论缺乏计算形式，这立即使它与网络科学不一致。作为补充，我还将采用计算本体CIDOC-CRM更明确地阐明考古网络中节点之间的链接的字符。最后，本文将提出一种网络建模的方法，将线路作为一个关键的代理来源。为了响应英戈尔德的呼吁，我把这种方法称为网络线路学。
Network methods have seen a rapid rise in archaeology in recent years. There are still concerns regarding how well formal networks are able to effectively model local interaction. These are often present in the so-called qualitative network approaches—studies that tend to be based on close readings of relations between entities and the way they form dynamic networks of agents. Such studies have demonstrated the value in scrutinizing the way in which relations might be acted on in practice, and how that might differ from expected results. But rarely do such studies produce network data of the kind analyzed by formal network analytical methods. Formal approaches, on the other hand, blur the specificity of individual relations and trade much of their specificity for the ability to make general statements about relations across large datasets. More generally, the modality of the relation/edge is a crucial way in which formal network analysis differs from other prevalent relational approaches popular in archaeology today, where the substantivity of individual relations is paramount. Such relations are often seen as starting points for subsequent hybridizations that radically alter, if only temporarily, the structure of their respective networks. I argue that a key step in allowing networks to reformulate from initial, data-driven network schemata is the introduction of a more symmetrical agency between the node and the edge. In this article, I discuss how ethnographic sources can be used to achieve this for archaeological survey data. I use assemblage theory as a framework to explore the potential the edge has to offer archaeological network modelling. While assemblage theory is helpful for this purpose, the lack of a computational formality to assemblage theory immediately places it at odds with network science. As a complement, I will also employ the computational ontology CIDOC-CRM to more explicitly articulate the character of links between nodes in archaeological networks. The paper will end by suggesting a method of network modelling which integrates the line as a key source of agency. As a nod to Ingold’s call for an increased emphasis on the line, I call this approach network linaeology.
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