Mechanism and catalytic strategy of the prokaryotic-specific GTP cyclohydrolase-IB.

Mechanism and catalytic strategy of the prokaryotic-specific GTP cyclohydrolase-IB.
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原核生物特异性GTP环化水解酶-IB的机制和催化策略。

DOI:
10.1042/bcj20161025
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
The Biochemical journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Swairjo,ManalA
Swairjo,ManalA
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Paranagama,Naduni;Bonnett,ShilahA;Alvarez,Jonathan;Luthra,Amit;Stec,Boguslaw;Gustafson,Andrew;Iwata-Reuyl,Dirk;Swairjo,ManalA

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鸟苷 5'-三磷酸 (GTP) 环水解酶-I (GCYH-I) 催化细菌和植物中叶酸生物合成的第一步、哺乳动物中生物蝶呤生物合成以及细菌和古细菌中 7-脱氮鸟苷修饰 tRNA 核苷的生物合成。 IB 型 GCYH (GCYH-IB) 是在许多病原体中发现的原核特异性酶。 GCYH-IB 在结构上不同于参与人类和动物生物蝶呤生物合成的经典 IA 型 GCYH,因此作为潜在的抗菌药物靶点受到关注。我们报告了淋病奈瑟菌GCYH-IB的动力学和抑制数据以及该酶的两种高分辨率晶体结构;一种与反应中间体类似物和竞争性抑制剂 8-氧代鸟苷 5'-三磷酸 (8-oxo-GTP) 形成复合物,另一种与结合在活性位点并模仿另一种反应中间体的三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷分子形成复合物。与与 8-oxo-GTP(鸟苷 5'-三磷酸)结合的 IA 型酶的比较揭示了抑制剂核糖基部分的反向结合模式,并且与定点诱变数据一起表明这两种酶利用不同的催化策略。值得注意的是,该抑制剂与保守的活性位点 Cys149 相互作用,并且该残基在结构中被 S-亚硝基化。这是生物 S-亚硝基化细菌蛋白的第一个结构表征。诱变和生化分析表明,Cys149 对于环化水解酶反应至关重要,而 S-亚硝基化可维持酶活性,表明 S-亚硝基硫醇在催化中具有潜在作用。
Guanosine 5′-triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase-I (GCYH-I) catalyzes the first step in folic acid biosynthesis in bacteria and plants, biopterin biosynthesis in mammals, and the biosynthesis of 7-deazaguanosine-modified tRNA nucleosides in bacteria and archaea. The type IB GCYH (GCYH-IB) is a prokaryotic-specific enzyme found in many pathogens. GCYH-IB is structurally distinct from the canonical type IA GCYH involved in biopterin biosynthesis in humans and animals, and thus is of interest as a potential antibacterial drug target. We report kinetic and inhibition data ofNeisseria gonorrhoeaeGCYH-IB and two high-resolution crystal structures of the enzyme; one in complex with the reaction intermediate analog and competitive inhibitor 8-oxoguanosine 5′-triphosphate (8-oxo-GTP), and one with a tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane molecule bound in the active site and mimicking another reaction intermediate. Comparison with the type IA enzyme bound to 8-oxo-GTP (guanosine 5′-triphosphate) reveals an inverted mode of binding of the inhibitor ribosyl moiety and, together with site-directed mutagenesis data, shows that the two enzymes utilize different strategies for catalysis. Notably, the inhibitor interacts with a conserved active-site Cys149, and this residue is S-nitrosylated in the structures. This is the first structural characterization of a biologically S-nitrosylated bacterial protein. Mutagenesis and biochemical analyses demonstrate that Cys149 is essential for the cyclohydrolase reaction, and S-nitrosylation maintains enzyme activity, suggesting a potential role of theS-nitrosothiol in catalysis.
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