Soil organic matter pools and crop yields as affected by the rate of farmyard manure and use of biodynamic preparations in a sandy soil

Soil organic matter pools and crop yields as affected by the rate of farmyard manure and use of biodynamic preparations in a sandy soil
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沙土中农家肥用量和生物动力制剂使用对土壤有机质库和作物产量的影响

DOI:
10.1007/s13165-011-0010-7
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ludwig
Ludwig
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Heitkamp;Ludwig

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有机和生物动力农业的一个目的是提高土壤肥力。本研究的目的是:(1)解释以前报道的施用农家肥(FYM)与不施用生物动力制剂(BD)的土壤有机质水平的差异;(2)量化三种水平的FYM施用对不同稳定性的微生物生物量和土壤有机质(SOM)库的影响,(3)在德国达姆施塔特的一项长期试验中,将土壤有机质库与作物产量联系起来。BD-FYM处理的土壤具有显着较高的Corg含量相比,FYM处理的土壤。然而,土壤分级表明,有一个更大的存储Corgin的中间和被动池的BD-FYM治疗,和时间过程的Corgcontents建议之间的缓慢收敛的Corgstocks FYM和BD-FYM随着时间的推移。因此,BD-FYM和FYM处理之间观察到的差异可能从实验开始就存在。不稳定碳(70-114 g [kg Corg],-1周转时间462天)和不稳定氮(35-49 g [kg Nt]-1,周转时间153天)的含量与施用量和作物产量密切相关。马铃薯、冬黑麦和三叶草的产量显著增加,与FYM的施用量成比例,而BD没有影响。总的来说,研究表明,增加FYM的速率增加C和N的可用性独立于BD的使用。然而,效率的C封存在一个更稳定的形式(中间池)随着增加的速度下降。
One aim of organic and biodynamic agriculture is to improve soil fertility. Our objectives are to (1) explain previously reported differences in the soil organic matter levels between soils receiving farmyard manure (FYM) with or without biodynamic preparations (BD), (2) quantify the effect of three levels of FYM applications on microbial biomass and soil organic matter (SOM) pools with different stability, and (3) relate SOM pools to crop yields in a long-term experiment on a sandy soil at Darmstadt, Germany. Soils of the BD-FYM treatments had significantly higher Corgcontents compared to soils of the FYM treatments. However, soil fractionation indicated that there was a greater storage of Corgin the intermediate and passive pools of the BD-FYM treatments, and the temporal course of Corgcontents suggested a slow convergence of Corgstocks between FYM and BD-FYM with time. Thus, the observed differences between BD-FYM and FYM treatments were likely to have existed since the beginning of the experiment. Contents of labile C (70–114 g [kg Corg],−1turnover time 462 days) and labile N (35–49 g [kg Nt]−1, turnover time of 153 days) were strongly related to the application rate and also to crop yields. Yield of potatoes, winter rye, and clover significantly increased in proportion to the application rate of FYM, while BD had no effect. Overall, the study showed that increasing rates of FYM increased C and N availability independent of the use of BD. Nevertheless, efficiency of C sequestration in a more stable form (intermediate pool) decreased with increasing rate.
DOI: --
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Koepf,H.H.;Pettersson,W.:Biologische Landwirtschaft — Eine Einführung in die biologisch-Dynamische Wirtschaftsweise,斯图加特 1974 年 u. 303 Seiten,Linsoneinband DM 42
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