The Functional Visual Field(s) in simple visual search.
The Functional Visual Field(s) in simple visual search.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2021.107965
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发表时间：
2022-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Wolfe JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wu CC;Wolfe JM
在干扰物中寻找目标的视觉搜索过程中，观察者不会注视搜索阵列中的每个位置。相反，加工被认为发生在每个注视周围的功能性视野（FVF）内。我们认为，有三个问题，可以问在每个固定，这意味着三个不同的意义上的FVF。1)我能确定XY位置上有什么吗？这定义了分辨率FVF。2)在这段时间里我该注意些什么？这定义了注意力FVF。3)接下来我应该关注哪里？这定义了探索性FVF。我们使用视觉搜索中的眼动来检查FVF 2和3。在三个实验中，我们收集了眼动视觉搜索过程中的目标字母T的分心字母Ls（实验1和3）或彩色X方向连接（实验2）。未到达目标的扫视可用于定义探索性FVF。由于目标可能在先前注视期间被隐蔽地检测到，因此前往目标的扫视可以用于定义注意FVF。对于所有三个实验，探索FVF大于注意FVF。有趣的是，下一次扫视到达目标的概率总是远低于1.0，即使当前注视接近目标并且在FVF的任何合理估计范围内。测量基于搜索的探索性和注意力FVF揭示了我们如何错过清晰可见的目标。
During a visual search for a target among distractors, observers do not fixate every location in the search array. Rather processing is thought to occur within a Functional Visual Field (FVF) surrounding each fixation. We argue that there are three questions that can be asked at each fixation and that these imply three different senses of the FVF. 1) Can I identify what is at location XY? This defines a resolution FVF. 2) To what shall I attend during this fixation? This defines an Attentional FVF. 3) Where should I fixate next? This defines an Exploratory FVF. We examine FVFs 2&3 using eye movements in visual search. In three Experiments, we collected eye movements during visual search for the target letter T among distractor letter Ls (Exps 1 and 3) or for a color X orientation conjunction (Exp 2). Saccades that do not go to the target can be used to define the Exploratory FVF. The saccade that goes to the target can be used to define the Attentional FVF since the target was probably covertly detected during the prior fixation. The Exploratory FVF is larger than the Attentional FVF for all three experiments. Interestingly, the probability that the next saccade would go to the target was always well below 1.0, even when the current fixation was close to the target and well within any reasonable estimate of the FVF. Measuring search-based Exploratory and Attentional FVFs sheds light on how we can miss clearly visible targets.
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