Arterial calcification and bone physiology: role of the bone-vascular axis.
Arterial calcification and bone physiology: role of the bone-vascular axis.
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DOI：
10.1038/nrendo.2012.36
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发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
40.5
通讯作者：
Towler, Dwight A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thompson, Bithika;Towler, Dwight A.
骨的形成离不开血管的相互作用。这种简单的事实陈述并不能充分反映这种关系的生理和药理学含义。脉管系统是骨骼和身体其他部分之间进行营养交换的管道。血管系统为成骨细胞祖细胞的发育提供了支撑生态位，并且是骨髓细胞产物输出的通道，反过来，由成骨细胞依赖的造血生态位产生。重要的是，人体中仅次于骨骼的钙化程度第二高的结构是血管系统。曾经被认为是死亡和垂死细胞的被动过程，血管钙化已经成为一种主动调节的组织生物矿化形式。骨形成因子和骨软骨生成转录因子由血管壁内的细胞合成，调节血管钙的沉积。促骨激素包括甲状旁腺激素调节血管和骨骼矿化。细胞、内分泌和代谢信号在血管和骨骼之间双向流动，对骨骼健康和血管健康都是必要的。代谢异常状态包括糖尿病、尿毒症和高脂血症扰乱骨-血管轴，引起破坏性的血管和骨骼疾病。需要对骨血管相互作用的详细了解，以解决我们日益老龄化和代谢不良人群未满足的临床需求。
Bone never forms without vascular interactions. This simple statement of fact does not adequately reflect the physiological and pharmacological implications of the relationship. The vasculature is the conduit for nutrient exchange between bone and the rest of the body. The vasculature provides the sustentacular niche for development of osteoblast progenitors, and is the conduit for egress of bone marrow cell products arising, in turn, from the osteoblast-dependent hematopoietic niche. Importantly, the second most calcified structure in humans after the skeleton is the vasculature. Once considered a passive process of dead and dying cells, vascular calcification has emerged as an actively regulated form of tissue biomineralization. Skeletal morphogens and osteochondrogenic transcription factors are elaborated by cells within the vessel wall, regulating the deposition of vascular calcium. Osteotropic hormones including parathyroid hormone regulate both vascular and skeletal mineralization. Cellular, endocrine, and metabolic signals flow bidirectionally between the vasculature and bone that are necessary for both bone health and vascular health. Dysmetabolic states including diabetes, uremia, and hyperlipidemia perturb the bone-vascular axis, giving rise to devastating vascular and skeletal disease. A detailed understanding of bone-vascular interactions is needed to address the unmet clinical needs of our increasingly aged and dysmetabolic population.
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影响因子：
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