Development enhances hypometabolism in northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris).
Development enhances hypometabolism in northern elephant seal pups (Mirounga angustirostris).
复制标题
发育增强了北象海豹幼崽（Mirounga angustirostris）的代谢低下。
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.12111
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Crocker,DanielE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tift,MichaelS;Ranalli,ElizabethC;Houser,DorianS;Ortiz,RudyM;Crocker,DanielE
人们已经对呼吸空气的海洋捕食者储氧能力的发展进行了调查，但对影响氧气利用的调节因素的发展知之甚少。有效利用氧气储存的策略应该使海洋捕食者能够优化水下觅食的时间。我们描述了北象海豹（Mirounga angustirostris）在断奶后 2 周和 7 周时自愿屏气期间氧气使用的发展模式。我们测量了 (i) 耗氧量 (VO2) 的变化和 (ii) 静脉 pH 值、氧分压 (pO2)、血红蛋白饱和度 (sO2)、氧含量 (O2ct)、二氧化碳分压 (pCO2)、血细胞比容 (Hct) 和总血红蛋白 (tHb) 的变化。为了检查潜水反应对氧气利用发展的影响，在水中和水外进行了自愿屏气实验。断奶后 2 至 7 周期间，自愿屏气期间的 VO2 抑制显着增加，达到比静息代谢率低 53% 和比克莱伯标准代谢率低 56% 的最大抑制水平。断奶后 2 至 7 周，屏气摄氧量降低了 52%。在两个年龄组之间，这相当于平均屏气摄氧量比静息摄氧量减少 16%。屏气摄氧量也随着屏气持续时间的增加而下降，但自愿淹没对降低摄氧量没有直接影响。年龄并不影响屏气期间静脉血氧消耗率。然而，与自愿的陆地呼吸暂停相比，自愿淹没确实导致了较慢的 pO2 消耗率。屏气期间全身摄氧量（恢复时测量）和静脉 pO2（反映屏气期间测量的组织 O2 使用情况）的差异可能反映了缺氧、血管收缩组织中的代谢抑制。所有自愿屏气结束时一致的 pCO2 值 (59·0 ± 0·7 mmHg) 表明刺激北象海豹幼崽呼吸的生理线索是积累二氧化碳。储氧能力和代谢抑制直接限制了潜水能力，并可能影响在达到完全发育的潜水能力之前被迫离开海洋的低断奶体重海豹的觅食成功率。
Investigation into the development of oxygen storage capacity in air‐breathing marine predators has been performed, but little is known about the development of regulatory factors that influence oxygen utilization. Strategies for efficiently using oxygen stores should enable marine predators to optimize time spent foraging underwater.We describe the developmental patterns of oxygen use during voluntary breath‐holds in northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) at 2 and 7 weeks postweaning. We measured (i) changes in oxygen consumption (VO2) and (ii) changes in venous pH, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), haemoglobin saturation (sO2), oxygen content (O2ct), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), haematocrit (Hct) and total haemoglobin (tHb). To examine the effect of the dive response on the development of oxygen utilization, voluntary breath‐hold experiments were conducted in and out of water.Suppression of VO2during voluntary breath‐holds increased significantly between 2 and 7 weeks postweaning, reaching a maximum suppression of 53% below resting metabolic rate and 56% below Kleiber's standard metabolic rate. From 2 to 7 weeks postweaning, breath‐hold VO2was reduced by 52%. Between the two age classes, this equates to a mean breath‐hold VO2reduction of 16% from resting VO2. Breath‐hold VO2also declined with increasing breath‐hold duration, but there was no direct effect of voluntary submergence on reducing VO2.Age did not influence rates of venouspO2depletion during breath‐holds. However, voluntary submergence did result in slowerpO2depletion rates when compared with voluntary terrestrial apnoeas. The differences in whole‐body VO2during breath‐holds (measured at recovery) and venouspO2(reflective of tissue O2‐use measured during breath‐holds) likely reflect metabolic suppression in hypoxic, vasoconstricted tissues.ConsistentpCO2values at the end of all voluntary breath‐holds (59·0 ± 0·7 mmHg) suggest the physiological cue for stimulating respiration in northern elephant seal pups is the accumulation of CO2.Oxygen storage capacity and metabolic suppression directly limit diving capabilities and may influence foraging success in low‐weaning weight seals forced to depart to sea prior to achieving full developmental diving capacity.
登录
查看更多内容
高纬度企鹅、信天翁和鳍足类动物的繁殖和觅食能量：对生活史模式的影响
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
D. Costa
通讯作者：
D. Costa
潜水行为影响心率预测北海狮 (Eumetopias jubatus) 在深海觅食的耗氧量的能力
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
B. Young;D. Rosen;A. Hindle;M. Haulena;A. Trites
通讯作者：
A. Trites
北象海豹幼崽（Mirounga angustirostris）长期禁食期间标准代谢的变化
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Physiological Zoology
影响因子：
--
作者：
L. Rea;D. Costa
通讯作者：
D. Costa
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Bennett, K. A.;McConnell, B. J.;Fedak, M. A.
通讯作者：
Fedak, M. A.
DOI：
10.1007/bf00691568
发表时间：
1980-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
KOOYMAN, GL;WAHRENBROCK, EA;SINNETT, EE
通讯作者：
SINNETT, EE