Cholera toxin disrupts barrier function by inhibiting exocyst-mediated trafficking of host proteins to intestinal cell junctions.

Cholera toxin disrupts barrier function by inhibiting exocyst-mediated trafficking of host proteins to intestinal cell junctions.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.chom.2013.08.001
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发表时间:
2013-09-11
影响因子:
30.3
通讯作者:
Bier E
Bier E
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guichard A;Cruz-Moreno B;Aguilar B;van Sorge NM;Kuang J;Kurkciyan AA;Wang Z;Hang S;Pineton de Chambrun GP;McCole DF;Watnick P;Nizet V;Bier E

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霍乱毒素(CT)是由霍乱弧菌产生的一种毒力因子,足以引起霍乱特有的严重腹泻。CT的酶部分(CtxA)增加肠上皮细胞中cAMP的合成,导致氯离子(Cl−)通过CFTR Cl−通道流出。为了保持电中性和渗透平衡,钠离子和水也通过细胞旁途径流入肠腔。我们发现,CtxA驱动的cAMP增加也抑制Rab 11/exocyst-mediated运输的宿主蛋白质,包括E-钙粘蛋白和Notch信号成分的细胞-细胞连接在果蝇,人肠上皮细胞,和结扎小鼠回肠环,从而破坏屏障功能。此外,CtxA诱导果蝇肠道中的连接损伤、体重减轻和染料渗漏,导致活霍乱弧菌感染的致死率,所有这些都可以通过Rab 11过表达来挽救。CtxA的这些屏障破坏作用可能与Cl−分泌平行作用,以驱动霍乱的病理生理学。
Cholera toxin (CT), a virulence factor elaborated by Vibrio cholerae, is sufficient to induce the severe diarrhea characteristic of cholera. The enzymatic moiety of CT (CtxA) increases cAMP synthesis in intestinal epithelial cells, leading to chloride ion (Cl−) efflux through the CFTR Cl− channel. To preserve electroneutrality and osmotic balance, sodium ions and water also flow into the intestinal lumen via a paracellular route. We find that CtxA-driven cAMP increase also inhibits Rab11/exocyst-mediated trafficking of host proteins including E-cadherin and Notch signaling components to cell-cell junctions in Drosophila, human intestinal epithelial cells, and ligated mouse ileal loops, thereby disrupting barrier function. Additionally, CtxA induces junctional damage, weight loss, and dye leakage in the Drosophila gut, contributing to lethality from live V. cholerae infection, all of which can be rescued by Rab11 over-expression. These barrier-disrupting effects of CtxA may act in parallel with Cl− secretion to drive the pathophysiology of cholera.
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