The Dynein Adaptor RILP Controls Neuronal Autophagosome Biogenesis, Transport, and Clearance.

The Dynein Adaptor RILP Controls Neuronal Autophagosome Biogenesis, Transport, and Clearance.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.devcel.2020.03.011
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发表时间:
2020-04-20
期刊:
影响因子:
11.8
通讯作者:
Vallee, Richard B.
Vallee, Richard B.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Khobrekar, Noopur V.;Quintremil, Sebastian;Dantas, Tiago J.;Vallee, Richard B.

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自噬在神经退行性变和发育中起着关键作用,但这一途径在神经元中是如何组织和调控的仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们发现动力蛋白适配器RILP对于神经元自噬小体的逆行运输是必不可少的,令人惊讶的是,它们的生物发生也是如此。我们发现,通过抑制mTOR诱导的自噬特异性地上调了RILP的表达,并将其定位于自噬小体。RILP缺失或其LC3结合的LIR基序突变显著减少了自噬小体的数量,这表明RILP在自噬小体的生物发生中发挥了意想不到的作用。我们发现,RILP还与ATG5在隔离膜上相互作用,阻止了动力蛋白的过早招募和自噬小体的运输。抑制RILP会阻碍自噬翻转,并导致p62/Sequestosome-1聚集。综上所述,我们的结果确定了一条mTOR反应的神经元自噬途径,其中RILP整合了自噬小体生物发生和逆行运输的过程来控制自噬翻转。这一途径对于理解自噬如何有助于神经元的功能、发育和疾病具有重要的意义。巨自噬是神经元内稳态所必需的,在一些神经发育和退行性疾病中是不受调节的。Khobrekar等人。研究表明,Rab相互作用的溶酶体蛋白(RILP)通过与ATG5、LC3、Rab7和Dynein的一系列相互作用,以mTOR反应机制调控自噬小体的形成、运输和周转,从而控制神经元自噬途径。
Autophagy plays critical roles in neurodegeneration and development, but how this pathway is organized and regulated in neurons remains poorly understood. Here, we find that the dynein adaptor RILP is essential for retrograde transport of neuronal autophagosomes, and surprisingly, their biogenesis as well. We find that induction of autophagy by mTOR inhibition specifically up-regulates RILP expression and its localization to autophagosomes. RILP depletion or mutations in its LC3-binding LIR motifs strongly decrease autophagosome number suggesting an unexpected RILP role in autophagosome biogenesis. We find that RILP also interacts with ATG5 on isolation membranes, precluding premature dynein recruitment and autophagosome transport. RILP inhibition impedes autophagic turnover and causes p62/Sequestosome-1 aggregation. Together, our results identify an mTOR-responsive neuronal autophagy pathway, wherein RILP integrates the processes of autophagosome biogenesis and retrograde transport to control autophagic turnover. This pathway has important implications for understanding how autophagy contributes to neuronal function, development, and disease. Macroautophagy is required for neuronal homeostasis and is disregulated in several neurodevelopmental and degenerative disorders. Khobrekar et al. show that the Rab-Interacting Lysosomal Protein (RILP) controls the neuronal autophagy pathway through sequential interactions with ATG5, LC3, Rab7 and dynein to regulate autophagosome formation, transport and turnover in an mTOR-responsive mechanism.
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