Socio-Institutional Drivers of Groundwater Contamination Hazards: The Case of On-Site Sanitation in the Bwaise Informal Settlement, Kampala, Uganda
Socio-Institutional Drivers of Groundwater Contamination Hazards: The Case of On-Site Sanitation in the Bwaise Informal Settlement, Kampala, Uganda
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地下水污染危害的社会制度驱动因素：乌干达坎帕拉布韦斯非正式定居点现场卫生设施案例
DOI：
10.3390/w13162153
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
F. Kansiime
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Felix R. B. Twinomucunguzi;G. Silvestri;J. Kinobe;Allan Mugabi;Jenifer B. Isoke;P. Nyenje;J. Foppen;R. Kulabako;F. Kansiime
在地下水污染风险评估中，社会体制因素没有得到很好的处理。本文有助于基于Bwaise（乌干达坎帕拉）非正式住区现场卫生设施污染案例研究的社会机构评估框架的发展。我们使用微生物和水化学指标对OSS最近的地下水污染程度进行了快照调查。通过过渡阶段和关键线人访谈，我们调查了污染的社会制度驱动因素。总体而言，在17个取样的地下水水源中，有14个在雨季大肠杆菌检测呈阳性。四个来源的硝酸盐浓度超过了世界卫生组织的指导值（50毫克/升），这是OSS造成的。尽管污染程度很高，但社区高度重视地下水，将其作为间歇性市政供水的替代方案。我们推断了地下水污染的六个驱动因素，包括土地使用管理、用户属性、治理、基础设施管理、地下水评估和操作环境（“LUGIVE”）。还解释了每个驱动因素的定性指标，并在因果循环图中展示了它们之间的相互联系，代表了社会制度评估框架。该框架可以帮助决策者和社区分析各种社会体制控制手段，以减少OSS在非正式住区污染地下水的风险。
Socio-institutional factors are poorly addressed in the risk assessment of groundwater contamination. This paper contributes to the development of a socio-institutional assessment framework based on a case study of contamination by on-site sanitation (OSS) in an informal settlement of Bwaise (Kampala, Uganda). We conducted a snapshot survey of the recent extent of groundwater contamination by OSS using microbial and hydro-chemical indicators. Through transition arenas and key informant interviews, we investigated the socio-institutional drivers of the contamination. Overall, 14 out of the 17 sampled groundwater sources tested positive for Escherichia coli during the wet season. Nitrate concentrations at four sources exceeded the World Health Organization guideline value (50 mg/L), attributed to OSS. Despite the high contamination, the community highly valued groundwater as an alternative to the intermittent municipal water supply. We deduced six drivers of groundwater contamination, including land-use management, user attributes, governance, infrastructure management, groundwater valuation, and the operating environment (“LUGIVE”). Qualitative indicators for each of the drivers were also construed, and their interlinkages presented in a causal loop diagram, representing a socio-institutional assessment framework. The framework can help policymakers and the community to analyze various socio-institutional control levers to reduce the risk of groundwater contamination by OSS in informal settlements.
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Gudaga J
通讯作者：
Gudaga J