Distinct Gag interaction properties of HIV-1 RNA 5' leader conformers reveal a mechanism for dimeric genome selection.

Distinct Gag interaction properties of HIV-1 RNA 5' leader conformers reveal a mechanism for dimeric genome selection.
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HIV-1 RNA 5â2 先导构象异构体的独特 Gag 相互作用特性揭示了二聚体基因组选择的机制

DOI:
10.1261/rna.079347.122
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发表时间:
2023-02
期刊:
RNA (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
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在HIV-1组装过程中,病毒基因组rna (gRNAs)的两个拷贝被选择性地包装成新的病毒颗粒。这一过程是由HIV-1 Gag与病毒gRNA 5 ‘先导(5 ’ l)上的包装信号之间的特异性相互作用介导的。5'L可以采用不同的构象,既可以促进gRNA二聚化和包装,也可以促进Gag翻译。二聚化和包装是耦合的。gRNA二聚体的选择性包装是否由于包装构象中Gag和5'L之间的有利相互作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们使用模拟两种5'L构象的rna,表明5'L构象显著地影响Gag-RNA的相互作用。与翻译构象(5'LT)的RNA相比,包装构象(5'LP)的RNA可以结合更多的Gag分子。Gag与5'LP结合的速度比与5'LT结合的速度快,而Gag与5'LP分离的速度较慢。Gag-5'LP复合物在高盐浓度下更稳定。Gag的NC-SP2-p6区域可能解释了Gag - 5 ' lp相互作用的更快的结合和更慢的解离动力学以及更高的稳定性。总之,我们的数据表明,构象变化在二聚体基因组的选择中起着重要作用,可能是通过影响Gag-5'L复合物的结合动力学和稳定性。
During HIV-1 assembly, two copies of viral genomic RNAs (gRNAs) are selectively packaged into new viral particles. This process is mediated by specific interactions between HIV-1 Gag and the packaging signals at the 5′ leader (5′L) of viral gRNA. 5′L is able to adopt different conformations, which promotes either gRNA dimerization and packaging or Gag translation. Dimerization and packaging are coupled. Whether the selective packaging of the gRNA dimer is due to favorable interactions between Gag and 5′L in the packaging conformation is not known. Here, using RNAs mimicking the two 5′L conformers, we show that the 5′L conformation dramatically affects Gag–RNA interactions. Compared to the RNA in the translation conformation (5′LT), the RNA in the packaging conformation (5′LP) can bind more Gag molecules. Gag associates with 5′LP faster than it binds to 5′LT, whereas Gag dissociates from 5′LP more slowly. The Gag–5′LP complex is more stable at high salt concentrations. The NC–SP2–p6 region of Gag likely accounts for the faster association and slower dissociation kinetics for the Gag–5′LP interaction and for the higher stability. In summary, our data suggest that conformational changes play an important role in the selection of dimeric genomes, probably by affecting the binding kinetics and stability of the Gag–5′L complex.
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