No mark is an island: Precision and category repulsion biases in data reproductions
No mark is an island: Precision and category repulsion biases in data reproductions
复制标题
没有标记就是一座孤岛：数据复制中的精度和类别排斥偏差
DOI：
10.1109/tvcg.2020.3030345
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Franconeri, Steven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McColeman, Caitlyn M.;Harrison, Lane;Feng, Mi;Franconeri, Steven
数据可视化功能强大，在很大程度上是因为它便于可视化提取值。然而，数据信道的感知精度的现有测量（例如，位置、长度、方向等）主要基于两个值之间的比率判断的口头报告（例如，[7]）。口头报告合并了超出实际视觉精度的多种错误来源，引入了这些值之间的比率计算，并要求将该比率转换为口头数字。在这里，我们通过消除比率计算和口头报告来观察精确度的原始测量;我们只是要求参与者复制标记（单个条或点）以匹配先前看到的标记。我们操纵标记最初是单独呈现（后来绘制），与参考配对（例如，在测试中也存在第二个“100%”条，或点的y轴），还是与参考整合（将参考条合并为堆叠条形图，或将点直接放置在轴上）。复制较小的值被高估，较大的值被低估，这表明系统的记忆偏差。平均复制误差约为实际值的10%，无论复制是否与原件在同一基线上进行。在参考和（特别是）集成的条件下，响应从参考标记的隐式中点被排斥，因此高于50%的值被高估，低于50%的值被低估。这种复制范式可能会在一套新的更基本的测量图形感知的精度。
Data visualization is powerful in large part because it facilitates visual extraction of values. Yet, existing measures of perceptual precision for data channels (e.g., position, length, orientation, etc.) are based largely on verbal reports of ratio judgments between two values (e.g., [7]). Verbal report conflates multiple sources of error beyond actual visual precision, introducing a ratio computation between these values and a requirement to translate that ratio to a verbal number. Here we observe raw measures of precision by eliminating both ratio computations and verbal reports; we simply ask participants to reproduce marks (a single bar or dot) to match a previously seen one. We manipulated whether the mark was initially presented (and later drawn) alone, paired with a reference (e.g. a second `100%' bar also present at test, or a y-axis for the dot), or integrated with the reference (merging that reference bar into a stacked bar graph, or placing the dot directly on the axis). Reproductions of smaller values were overestimated, and larger values were underestimated, suggesting systematic memory biases. Average reproduction error was around 10% of the actual value, regardless of whether the reproduction was done on a common baseline with the original. In the reference and (especially) the integrated conditions, responses were repulsed from an implicit midpoint of the reference mark, such that values above 50% were overestimated, and values below 50% were underestimated. This reproduction paradigm may serve within a new suite of more fundamental measures of the precision of graphical perception.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1947
期刊：
The Journal of psychology
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Metfessel
通讯作者：
M. Metfessel
DOI：
10.1016/s0020-7373(86)80019-0
发表时间：
1986-11-01
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MAN-MACHINE STUDIES
影响因子：
--
作者：
CLEVELAND, WS;MCGILL, R
通讯作者：
MCGILL, R
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Schloss, Karen B.;Fortenbaugh, Francesca C.;Palmer, Stephen E.
通讯作者：
Palmer, Stephen E.
DOI：
10.1109/tvcg.2019.2934400
发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Xiong, Cindy;Ceja, Cristina R.;Franconeri, Steven
通讯作者：
Franconeri, Steven
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Binder;Arkadiusz Chrudzimski
通讯作者：
Arkadiusz Chrudzimski