Role of flow-sensitive microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

Role of flow-sensitive microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.vph.2018.10.001
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发表时间:
2019-03
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Jo H
Jo H
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kumar S;Williams D;Sur S;Wang JY;Jo H

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动脉粥样硬化是心肌梗死、缺血性中风和外周动脉疾病的主要潜在原因。该疾病优先发生在暴露于血流紊乱的动脉区域,部分原因是改变了血流敏感性编码基因和非编码基因的表达。在这篇综述中,我们总结了非编码RNA的作用,[microRNA(miRNA)和长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)],作为基因表达的调节因子,并概述了它们与动脉粥样硬化发病机制的关系。虽然miRNA是通过靶向mRNA转录物在转录后调节基因表达的小的非编码基因,但是lncRNA通过多种机制调节基因表达,这些机制仍然是新兴的并且不完全理解。我们关注了多种流动敏感性miRNA,如miR-10a、− 19 a、− 23 b、−17~92、−21、−663、− 92 a、−143/145、−101、−126、−712、−205和−155,这些miRNA通过靶向炎症、细胞周期、增殖、迁移、凋亡和一氧化氮信号传导在内皮功能和动脉粥样硬化中发挥关键作用。lncRNA的流量依赖性调节才刚刚出现,它们在血管功能障碍和动脉粥样硬化中的作用尚不清楚。在这里,我们讨论了流动敏感的lncRNA钢沿着与其他lncRNA研究的背景下,血管病理生理学和动脉粥样硬化,如MALAT 1,MIAT 1,ANRIL,MYOSLID,MEG 3,SENCR,SMILR,LISPR 1和H19。还讨论了使用这些非编码RNA作为潜在的生物标志物和治疗,以减少和消退动脉粥样硬化。
Atherosclerosis is the primary underlying cause of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease. The disease preferentially occurs in arterial regions exposed to disturbed blood flow, in part, by altering expression of flow-sensitive coding- and non-coding genes. In this review, we summarize the role of noncoding RNAs, [microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)], as regulators of gene expression and outline their relationship to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. While miRNAs are small noncoding genes that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by targeting mRNA transcripts, the lncRNAs regulate gene expression by diverse mechanisms, which are still emerging and incompletely understood. We focused on multiple flow-sensitive miRNAs such as, miR-10a, −19a, −23b, −17~92, −21, −663, −92a, −143/145, −101, −126, −712, −205, and −155 that play a critical role in endothelial function and atherosclerosis by targeting inflammation, cell cycle, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and nitric oxide signaling. Flow-dependent regulation of lncRNAs is just emerging, and their role in vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis is unknown. Here, we discuss the flow-sensitive lncRNA STEEL along with other lncRNAs studied in the context of vascular pathophysiology and atherosclerosis such as MALAT1, MIAT1, ANRIL, MYOSLID, MEG3, SENCR, SMILR, LISPR1, and H19. Also discussed is the use of these noncoding RNAs as potential biomarkers and therapeutics to reduce and regress atherosclerosis.
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