Broadening the spectrum of actin-based protrusive activity mediated by Arp2/3 complex-facilitated polymerization: motility of cytoplasmic ridges and tubular projections.
Broadening the spectrum of actin-based protrusive activity mediated by Arp2/3 complex-facilitated polymerization: motility of cytoplasmic ridges and tubular projections.
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DOI：
10.1002/cm.21186
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发表时间：
2014-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Morris, Robert L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henson, John H.;Gianakas, Anastasia D.;Henson, Lauren H.;Lakin, Christina L.;Voss, Meagen K.;Bewersdorf, Joerg;Oldenbourg, Rudolf;Morris, Robert L.
Arp2/3复合物促进的肌动蛋白聚合在多种细胞功能中起重要作用，包括运动、粘附、内吞和运输。在本研究中，我们采用海胆腔细胞实验模型系统来验证Arp2/3复合体有核肌动蛋白组装介导两种不寻常的细胞突起的运动的假设；细胞质脊在腔胚细胞扩张过程中出现，可诱导、管状和神经突状突起。我们的研究将使用肌动蛋白聚合抑制剂和Arp2/3复合物的药理学操作与广泛的成像方法相结合，包括活细胞的数字增强相对比，DIC和偏振光显微镜；荧光标记细胞的常规、共聚焦和超分辨光学显微镜；扫描和透射电子显微镜。综上所述，本研究结果表明，Arp2/3复合物促进的肌动蛋白聚合是体腔细胞细胞质脊和管状突起运动的基础，这些过程相互关联，并且在其他细胞类型中已初步确定。该结果还强调了依赖于Arp2/3复合物的肌动蛋白为基础的突出活性的广谱性，并为这种普遍存在的肌动蛋白成核体的普遍性提供了额外的见解。此外，我们提供了小分子药物BDM和CK666对Arp2/3复合物的影响可能存在机制差异的第一个证据。
Arp2/3 complex-facilitated actin polymerization plays an essential role in a variety of cellular functions including motility, adherence, endocytosis and trafficking. In the present study we employ the sea urchin coelomocyte experimental model system to test the hypotheses that Arp2/3 complex-nucleated actin assembly mediates the motility of two unusual cellular protrusions; the cytoplasmic ridges present during coelomocyte spreading, and inducible, tubular-shaped, and neurite-like projections. Our investigations couple pharmacological manipulation employing inhibitors of actin polymerization and the Arp2/3 complex with a wide array of imaging methods including digitally enhanced phase contrast, DIC and polarization light microscopy of live cells; conventional, confocal and super-resolution light microscopy of fluorescently labeled cells; and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that Arp2/3 complex-facilitated actin polymerization underlies the motility of coelomocyte cytoplasmic ridges and tubular projections, that these processes are related to each other, and that they have been preliminarily identified in other cell types. The results also highlight the broad spectrum of actin-based protrusive activities dependent on the Arp2/3 complex and provide additional insights into the pervasive nature of this ubiquitous actin nucleator. Furthermore we provide the first evidence of a possible mechanistic difference between the impacts of the small molecule drugs BDM and CK666 on the Arp2/3 complex.
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