The impact of cannabis use on cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of existing findings and new data in a first-episode sample.
The impact of cannabis use on cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of existing findings and new data in a first-episode sample.
复制标题
大麻使用对精神分裂症患者认知功能的影响：对第一集样本中现有发现和新数据的荟萃分析。
作者：
M. Yücel;E. Bora;D. Lubman;N. Solowij;W. Brewer;S. Cotton;P. Conus;Michael Takagi;A. Fornito;S. Wood;P. McGorry;C. Pantelis
大麻的使用在精神分裂症患者中非常普遍，再加上认知受损，被认为会增加发病的风险。然而，虽然大量使用大麻与长期使用者的认知缺陷有关，但对精神分裂症患者的研究却相互矛盾。本文包括两项研究。在研究I中，对10项研究进行了荟萃分析，其中包括572例确诊的精神分裂症患者（有和没有合并使用大麻）。研究发现，有大麻使用史的患者具有上级神经心理功能。这一发现在很大程度上是由包括终生使用大麻史而不是当前或最近使用大麻的患者的研究所推动的。在研究II中，我们检查了85例首发精神病（FEP）患者和43名健康非使用对照组的神经心理学表现。相对于对照组，有大麻使用史的FEP患者（FEP + CANN; n = 59）仅显示选择性神经心理学损伤，而无大麻使用史的患者（FEP - CANN; n = 26）显示全身性缺陷。当直接比较时，FEP + CANN患者在视觉记忆、工作记忆和执行功能测试中表现更好。早发使用大麻的患者比晚发使用大麻的患者神经心理损伤更少。总之，这些研究结果表明，与不使用大麻的患者相比，有大麻使用史的精神分裂症或FEP患者具有上级神经心理功能。精神分裂症患者更好的认知表现与大麻使用之间的这种关联可能是由一个“神经认知受损较少”的患者亚组驱动的，这些患者仅在相对较早开始使用大麻后才出现精神病。
Cannabis use is highly prevalent among people with schizophrenia, and coupled with impaired cognition, is thought to heighten the risk of illness onset. However, while heavy cannabis use has been associated with cognitive deficits in long-term users, studies among patients with schizophrenia have been contradictory. This article consists of 2 studies. In Study I, a meta-analysis of 10 studies comprising 572 patients with established schizophrenia (with and without comorbid cannabis use) was conducted. Patients with a history of cannabis use were found to have superior neuropsychological functioning. This finding was largely driven by studies that included patients with a lifetime history of cannabis use rather than current or recent use. In Study II, we examined the neuropsychological performance of 85 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and 43 healthy nonusing controls. Relative to controls, FEP patients with a history of cannabis use (FEP + CANN; n = 59) displayed only selective neuropsychological impairments while those without a history (FEP - CANN; n = 26) displayed generalized deficits. When directly compared, FEP + CANN patients performed better on tests of visual memory, working memory, and executive functioning. Patients with early onset cannabis use had less neuropsychological impairment than patients with later onset use. Together, these findings suggest that patients with schizophrenia or FEP with a history of cannabis use have superior neuropsychological functioning compared with nonusing patients. This association between better cognitive performance and cannabis use in schizophrenia may be driven by a subgroup of "neurocognitively less impaired" patients, who only developed psychosis after a relatively early initiation into cannabis use.
精神分裂症中药物滥用的患病率：人口统计学和临床相关性。
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Mueser,KT;Yarnold,PR;Levinson,DF;Singh,H;Bellack,AS;Kee,K;Morrison,RL;Yadalam,KG
通讯作者：
Yadalam,KG
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Cohen, Alex S.;Saperstein, Alice M.;Buchanan, Robert W.
通讯作者：
Buchanan, Robert W.