Effects of varying reinforcement probability on pavlovian approach behavior and ultrasonic vocalizations in rats.
Effects of varying reinforcement probability on pavlovian approach behavior and ultrasonic vocalizations in rats.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbr.2012.09.041
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发表时间：
2013-01-15
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
West, Mark O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coffey, Kevin R.;Barker, David J.;Ma, Sisi;Root, David H.;Martinez, Lauren;Horvitz, Jon C.;West, Mark O.
训练Long Evans大鼠（n=32）2周以响应听觉条件刺激（CS），其以不同的概率发出20%蔗糖非条件刺激（US）递送的信号。将动物随机分配至4组中的1组。在对照组中，CS在两周内以相等的概率发出蔗糖递送信号，分别为100%（组100-100）和25%（组25-25）。在实验组（组100-25）和（组25-100）中，蔗糖概率在第1周和第2周之间转换。三个行为措施进行了记录，潜伏期进入蔗糖端口后CS介绍，头条目整个会话和超声波发声。结果表明，所有组都在CS和US之间形成了关联，这一点可以通过几天内对CS做出反应的潜伏期减少来证明。实验组还能够检测蔗糖概率何时改变，如通过第2周组25-100的头部进入增加到组100-100的水平，以及第2周组100-25的头部进入减少到组25-25的水平所证明的。组100-25在第2周的第一天降档后也产生了“22 kHz”超声发声的增加。在此超声波频率范围的增加，这是与大鼠的负面影响，在头条目的减少和增加错过的试验，符合一个多阶段模型的行为导致美国的概率降低。
Long Evans Rats (n=32) were trained for 2 weeks to respond to an auditory conditioned stimulus (CS) which signaled the delivery of a 20% sucrose unconditioned stimulus (US) with varying probabilities. Animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups. In the control groups, the CS signaled sucrose delivery with equal probabilities across two weeks, at 100% (Group 100–100) and 25% (Group 25–25) respectively. In the experimental groups, (Group 100–25) and (Group 25–100), sucrose probabilities were switched between weeks 1 and 2. Three behavioral measures were recorded; latency to enter the sucrose port upon CS presentation, head entries throughout the session and ultrasonic vocalizations. The results suggest that all groups formed associations between the CS and US, as evidenced by a decrease in latency to respond to the CS across days. The experimental groups were also able to detect when sucrose probability changed, as evidenced by Group 25–100’s increase in head entries, to the level of Group 100–100 in week 2, and Group 100–25’s decrease in head entries, to the level of Group 25–25 in week 2. Group 100–25 also produced an increase in “22 kHz” ultrasonic vocalizations following the downshift on the first day of week 2. The increase in this ultrasonic frequency range, which is associated with negative affect in rats, preceded both the decrease in head entries and the increase in missed trials, consistent with a multistage model of behaviors resulting from US probability reduction.
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影响因子：
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