Magnetic Forces Enable Control of Biological Processes In Vivo.

Magnetic Forces Enable Control of Biological Processes In Vivo.
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磁力能够控制体内的生物过程。

DOI:
10.1115/1.4049331
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of applied mechanics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bao,Gang
Bao,Gang
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bao,Gang

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类似于可以引起深刻生物效应的机械力,磁场可以对生物系统具有广泛的影响,从允许生物体检测磁场以感知方向,高度或位置的磁感受,到使用磁场引起的加热来改变神经元活动。本文综述了磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒(MIONs)产生的磁力的应用,MIONs还可以提供成像对比度和响应外部磁场的机械/热能,这是MIONs区别于其他纳米材料的一个特殊功能。MION的磁性为在不同磁场下控制生物过程提供了独特的机会。在这里,我们描述了利用MION在施加的磁场下产生的力来控制生物过程和功能的方法,包括将药物分子靶向特定组织,增加血管通透性以改善药物递送,以及激活特定的病毒载体用于体内基因组编辑的空间控制。使用纳米磁体的广泛的生物医学应用的机会进行了简要讨论。
Similar to mechanical forces that can induce profound biological effects, magnetic fields can have a broad range of implications to biological systems, from magnetoreception that allows an organism to detect a magnetic field to perceive direction, altitude, or location, to the use of heating induced by magnetic field for altering neuron activity. This review focuses on the application of magnetic forces generated by magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs), which can also provide imaging contrast and mechanical/thermal energy in response to an external magnetic field, a special feature that distinguishes MIONs from other nanomaterials. The magnetic properties of MIONs offer unique opportunities for enabling control of biological processes under different magnetic fields. Here, we describe the approaches of utilizing the forces generated by MIONs under an applied magnetic field to control biological processes and functions, including the targeting of drug molecules to a specific tissue, increasing the vessel permeability for improving drug delivery, and activating a particular viral vector for spatial control of genome editing in vivo. The opportunities of using nanomagnets for a broad range of biomedical applications are briefly discussed.
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