Transgenic analysis of a SoxB gene reveals neural progenitor cells in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis
Transgenic analysis of a SoxB gene reveals neural progenitor cells in the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis
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SoxB 基因的转基因分析揭示了刺胞动物 Nematostella vectensis 中的神经祖细胞
DOI：
10.1242/dev.112029
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Fabian Rentzsch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Richards;Fabian Rentzsch
双侧神经发生的特征在于从专用神经干/祖细胞（NPC）产生不同的神经细胞类型。然而，NPC的进化起源尚不清楚，因为两侧姐妹群刺胞动物的代表神经发生是通过间质干细胞发生的，间质干细胞也具有更广泛的非神经发育潜力。我们解决这个问题，通过分析神经发生在珊瑚虫刺胞动物，Nematostella vectensis。使用转基因报告细胞系，我们发现NvSoxB（2）--在神经发生中具有保守作用的双侧SoxB基因的直系同源物--在产生感觉神经元、神经节神经元和神经细胞的细胞群中表达：刺胞动物的三种主要神经细胞类型。EdU标记与原位杂交一起，在NvSoxB（2）：：mOrange转基因系内，证明细胞在有丝分裂前表达NvSoxB（2），并鉴定了NvSoxB（2）+谱系内同胞细胞的不对称行为。吗啉代介导的NvSoxB（2）基因敲低阻断了所有三种神经细胞类型的形成，从而将NvSoxB（2）鉴定为神经系统发育的重要正调节因子。我们的研究结果表明，不同的神经细胞类型来自Nematostella中表达NvSoxB（2）的有丝分裂细胞群体，SoxB基因是神经原性程序的古老组成部分。据我们所知，这是第一次描述的谱系限制，多能细胞群以外的Bilateria和我们建议，通过专门的，SoxB表达NPC神经发生早于刺胞动物和bilaterians之间的分裂。
Bilaterian neurogenesis is characterized by the generation of diverse neural cell types from dedicated neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs). However, the evolutionary origin of NPCs is unclear, as neurogenesis in representatives of the bilaterian sister group, the Cnidaria, occurs via interstitial stem cells that also possess broader, non-neural, developmental potential. We address this question by analysing neurogenesis in an anthozoan cnidarian, Nematostella vectensis. Using a transgenic reporter line, we show that NvSoxB(2) – an orthologue of bilaterian SoxB genes that have conserved roles in neurogenesis – is expressed in a cell population that gives rise to sensory neurons, ganglion neurons and nematocytes: the three primary neural cell types of cnidarians. EdU labelling together with in situ hybridization, and within the NvSoxB(2)::mOrange transgenic line, demonstrates that cells express NvSoxB(2) before mitosis and identifies asymmetric behaviours of sibling cells within NvSoxB(2)+ lineages. Morpholino-mediated gene knockdown of NvSoxB(2) blocks the formation of all three neural cell types, thereby identifying NvSoxB(2) as an essential positive regulator of nervous system development. Our results demonstrate that diverse neural cell types derive from an NvSoxB(2)-expressing population of mitotic cells in Nematostella and that SoxB genes are ancient components of a neurogenic program. To our knowledge this is the first description of a lineage-restricted, multipotent cell population outside the Bilateria and we propose that neurogenesis via dedicated, SoxB-expressing NPCs predates the split between cnidarians and bilaterians.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Guoyan Zhao;J. Skeath
通讯作者：
Guoyan Zhao;J. Skeath