Improved latrine coverage may reduce porcine cysticercosis: a comparative cross-sectional study, Busia County, Kenya 2021.
Improved latrine coverage may reduce porcine cysticercosis: a comparative cross-sectional study, Busia County, Kenya 2021.
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DOI：
10.3389/fvets.2023.1155467
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Cook, Elizabeth A. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chege, Bernard;Ndambuki, Gideon;Owiny, Maurice;Kiyong'a, Alice;Fevre, Eric M.;Cook, Elizabeth A. J.
小农户养猪是发展中国家许多贫穷农村社区的一项重要经济活动。猪囊虫病在养猪流行的国家是一个日益严重的公共卫生风险。2016年，肯尼亚布西亚县完成了一项以卫生为基础的干预措施，以减少露天排便的流行。我们利用这种第三方干预来评估其对猪囊虫病流行的影响。我们于2021年8月至9月进行了一项比较性横断面调查。住户选择采用多级抽样。收集了251户农户关于猪生产、传播、危险因素和猪囊虫病知晓情况的问卷调查资料。用舌触诊法对370头猪进行了囊尾蚴病的检测，同时用Ag-ELISA法对血清进行了循环抗原的检测。我们将调查结果与有效基线进行了比较，该基线是在第三方卫生干预措施建立之前于2012年进行的一项几乎等效的横断面调查。使用卡方检验测量患病率的差异。采用多变量logistic回归分析确定猪舌囊肿的危险因素。可触及的舌囊肿的患病率估计为3.8%（95% CI 2.3-6.3%）（14/370）。这比实施前报告的患病率9.7%（95% CI：4.5-17.6%）低6%（95% CI：0.8-13.9%; p值0.0178）。在2份样本中检测到循环抗原（0.54%，95%CI：0.2-1.9）。厕所覆盖率为86%（95% CI：81-90%），比实施前的75%（95% CI：71-79%）高出11%（95% CI：4.8-16.8%; p < 0.001）。在有厕所的家庭（OR = 0.14; 95%CI：0.05-0.43; p < 0.001）和猪被限制或拴系的家庭（OR = 0.27; 95%CI：0.07-1.02; p = 0.053）中，猪的舌囊肿患病率降低。在2012年至2021年的研究期间，布西亚县的猪囊虫病患病率有所下降。这不是一个试验设计，所以我们无法直接将下降与特定原因联系起来，但数据与先前的研究一致，表明改善卫生条件可以减少猪囊虫病。控制猪囊尾蚴病的方案除了其他综合的“一个健康”方法外，还应包括对卫生的关注。
Smallholder pig farming is an important economic activity for many poor, rural communities in developing countries. Porcine cysticercosis is a growing public health risk in countries where pig rearing is popular. A sanitation-based intervention to reduce the prevalence of open defecation was completed in Busia County, Kenya in 2016. We capitalized on this third party intervention to evaluate its impact on porcine cysticercosis prevalence. We conducted a comparative cross-sectional survey from August through to September 2021. Household selection was done using multistage sampling. Household questionnaire data on pig production, transmission, risk factors and awareness of porcine cysticercosis were collected from 251 households. Lingual palpation was used to test for cysticerci in 370 pigs while serum was tested for circulating antigen using Ag-ELISA. We compared results of our survey to an effective baseline, which was a near equivalent cross sectional survey conducted in 2012 before the third party sanitary intervention was established. The difference in prevalence was measured using Chi-square tests. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for lingual cysts in pigs. The prevalence of palpable lingual cysts was estimated to be 3.8% (95% CI 2.3–6.3%) (14/370). This was 6% (95% CI 0.8–13.9%; p-value 0.0178) lower than the prevalence reported in the pre-implementation period of 9.7% (95% CI: 4.5–17.6%). Circulating antigen was detected in 2 samples (0.54%, 95% CI: 0.2–1.9). Latrine coverage was 86% (95% CI: 81–90%), which was 11% (95% CI: 4.8–16.8%; p < 0.001) higher than the pre-implementation period coverage of 75% (95% CI: 71–79%). There was reduced prevalence of lingual cysts in pigs from households that had a latrine (OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.05–0.43; p < 0.001) and where pigs were confined or tethered (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.07–1.02; p = 0.053). There was a reduction in the prevalence of porcine cysticercosis in Busia County over the study period from 2012 to 2021. This was not a trial design so we are unable to directly link the decline to a specific cause, but the data are consistent with previous research indicating that improved sanitation reduces porcine cysticercosis. Programs for controlling porcine cysticercosis should include a focus on sanitation in addition to other integrated One Health approaches.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Kabululu ML;Johansen MV;Mlangwa JED;Mkupasi EM;Braae UC;Trevisan C;Colston A;Cordel C;Lightowlers MW;Ngowi HA
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Johansen, M. V.;Trevisan, C.;Braae, U. C.
通讯作者：
Braae, U. C.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Braae, Uffe Christian;Harrison, Wendy;Johansen, Maria Yang
通讯作者：
Johansen, Maria Yang