Long-Duration Spaceflight Increases Depth Ambiguity of Reversible Perspective Figures.
Long-Duration Spaceflight Increases Depth Ambiguity of Reversible Perspective Figures.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0132317
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Thirsk R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clément G;Allaway HC;Demel M;Golemis A;Kindrat AN;Melinyshyn AN;Merali T;Thirsk R
本研究的目的是调查深度知觉的宇航员在航天飞行期间和之后，通过研究他们的敏感性，可逆的透视图中，二维图像可以引起两种可能的深度表示。其他不引起错觉深度的模糊数字被用作对照。在实验室对6名宇航员和14名受试者进行了三次测试，以评估他们在正常重力下的反应变化。然后，六名宇航员在国际空间站上进行了为期5-6个月的四次测试。他们最终在返回地球后立即进行了测试，并在一周后进行了测试。反应时间在整个会议期间减少，从而表明学习效果。然而，与飞行前相比，在轨道上和飞行后，第一次感觉到反转的时间和反转的次数没有什么不同。在地球上，当观察深度模糊的透视图时，所有受试者都报告说看到一种三维解释比另一种更频繁，即大约70- 30%的比例。在失重状态下，这种不对称性逐渐消失，在轨道上3个月后，两种解释在相同的时间内都可以看到。这些结果表明，在太空飞行中，宇航员对“虚幻”深度的感知发生了变化。这种增加的深度模糊性是由于缺乏重力参考和眼底高程来解释透视深度线索。
The objective of this study was to investigate depth perception in astronauts during and after spaceflight by studying their sensitivity to reversible perspective figures in which two-dimensional images could elicit two possible depth representations. Other ambiguous figures that did not give rise to a perception of illusory depth were used as controls. Six astronauts and 14 subjects were tested in the laboratory during three sessions for evaluating the variability of their responses in normal gravity. The six astronauts were then tested during four sessions while on board the International Space Station for 5–6 months. They were finally tested immediately after return to Earth and up to one week later. The reaction time decreased throughout the sessions, thus indicating a learning effect. However, the time to first percept reversal and the number of reversals were not different in orbit and after the flight compared to before the flight. On Earth, when watching depth-ambiguous perspective figures, all subjects reported seeing one three-dimensional interpretation more often than the other, i.e. a ratio of about 70–30%. In weightlessness this asymmetry gradually disappeared and after 3 months in orbit both interpretations were seen for the same duration. These results indicate that the perception of “illusory” depth is altered in astronauts during spaceflight. This increased depth ambiguity is attributed to the lack of the gravitational reference and the eye-ground elevation for interpreting perspective depth cues.
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03210466
发表时间：
1968-01-01
期刊：
PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
FISHER, GH
通讯作者：
FISHER, GH
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Notredame CE;Pins D;Deneve S;Jardri R
通讯作者：
Jardri R
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Boring, EG
通讯作者：
Boring, EG
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Hupé, JM;Rubin, N
通讯作者：
Rubin, N
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Noest, A. J.;van Ee, R.;van Wezel, R. J. A.
通讯作者：
van Wezel, R. J. A.