Differential tissue deformability underlies shape divergence of the embryonic brain and spinal cord under fluid pressure
Differential tissue deformability underlies shape divergence of the embryonic brain and spinal cord under fluid pressure
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不同的组织变形能力是流体压力下胚胎脑和脊髓形状差异的基础
DOI：
10.1101/2024.01.12.575349
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McLaren S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLaren S
一个扩大的大脑使脊椎动物的复杂行为，促进他们在不同的生态位适应。在胚胎发育过程中，大脑和脊髓之间最初的形态差异表现为前后方向的神经板折叠形成神经管。神经管闭合后，大脑的急剧扩张使其形状与脊髓不同，为进一步发育设置了不同的形态。大脑和脊髓如何不同地扩张仍不清楚。在这里，使用鸡胚作为模型，我们表明，后脑膨胀，通过背侧组织变薄下，从神经管腔的正静水压力，而背侧脊髓的形状抵抗相同的压力。使用磁滴和原子力显微镜，我们发现，后脑背侧组织比脊髓中的流体。背侧后脑窝藏更多的迁移神经嵴细胞，并表现出减少顶端肌动蛋白和一个混乱的层粘连蛋白基质相比，背侧脊髓。阻断神经嵴相关基质金属蛋白酶的活性可抑制背侧组织变薄，导致脑形态异常。将早期的背侧后脑细胞移植到脊髓中足以产生一个具有扩大的脑样形态的区域，包括一个变薄的屋顶。我们的研究结果在脊椎动物头部进化和神经管缺陷方面提出了新的问题，并提出了机械预模式在上皮管形状差异中的一般作用。
An expanded brain enables the complex behaviours of vertebrates that promote their adaptation in diverse ecological niches–. Initial morphological differences between the brain and spinal cord emerge as the antero-posteriorly patterned neural plate folds to form the neural tube–during embryonic development. Following neural tube closure, a dramatic expansion of the brain diverges its shape from the spinal cord, setting their distinct morphologies for further development,. How the brain and the spinal cord expand differentially remains unclear. Here, using the chicken embryo as a model, we show that the hindbrain expands through dorsal tissue thinning under a positive hydrostatic pressure from the neural tube lumen,while the dorsal spinal cord shape resists the same pressure. Using magnetic droplets and atomic force microscopy, we reveal that the dorsal tissue in the hindbrain is more fluid than in the spinal cord. The dorsal hindbrain harbours more migratory neural crest cells and exhibits reduced apical actin and a disorganised laminin matrix compared to the dorsal spinal cord. Blocking the activity of neural crest-associated matrix metalloproteinases inhibited dorsal tissue thinning, leading to abnormal brain morphology. Transplanting early dorsal hindbrain cells to the spinal cord was sufficient to create a region with expanded brain-like morphology including a thinned-out roof. Our findings open new questions in vertebrate head evolution and neural tube defects, and suggest a general role of mechanical pre-pattern in creating shape differences in epithelial tubes.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
LEDOUARIN, NM
通讯作者：
LEDOUARIN, NM