Problems of priority change in kidney allocation and beyond

Problems of priority change in kidney allocation and beyond
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肾脏分配及其他方面的优先级变化问题

DOI:
10.1007/s10198-012-0382-y
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
The European Journal of Health Economics
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kliemt
Kliemt
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ahlert;Kliemt

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标准化和透明的医疗优先次序的确定虽然是可取的,但一般会加剧因治疗优先次序的变化而产生的跨期公平问题:在改革后的制度下,为了推进其他人的治疗,在既定制度下本应享有优先权的已在等待的病人的治疗被推迟(不给予)一段较长的时间,这何时才是公平的?欧洲肾脏分配优先权设定系统(ETKAS)的改革在许多方面都是理想的,就是一个很好的例子。为了适当重视新的医学知识,终末期肾衰竭发生后的等待时间应从优先增强因素变为优先降低因素。由于那些在现行制度下通过等待而获得优先权的人在新制度下会受到挫折,因此,在应对医学知识的进步时,必须克服过渡时期司法的严重问题。本文从概念上探讨了规则改变的一些可能方式,并从伦理和实践的角度指出了它们对未来透明的、标准化的优先级设置规则下的医疗资源分配问题的普遍相关性。
Standardized and transparent priority setting in medicine, desirable as it is, will generally exacerbate inter-temporal equity problems arising from changes in treatment priorities: when can it be fair that the treatment of already waiting patients who would have had priority under an established system should be postponed (withheld) for an extended period of time to advance the treatment of others under a reformed system? The reform of the Eurotransplant system of priority setting in kidney allocation (ETKAS), which is in many respects ideal, is a case in point. To give due weight to new medical knowledge, waiting time after the onset of end state renal failure should change from a priority-enhancing to a priority-reducing factor. Since those who have gained in priority by waiting under the present system would be set back under the new, severe problems of transitional justice must be overcome when responding to advances in medical knowledge. The paper explores conceptually some possible ways of rule change and indicates their general relevance from an ethical and a practical point of view for future problems of medical resource allocation under transparent, standardized priority-setting rules.
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