Genomic islands of speciation in Anopheles gambiae.
Genomic islands of speciation in Anopheles gambiae.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.0030285
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发表时间：
2005-09
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Nuzhdin SV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Turner TL;Hahn MW;Nuzhdin SV
冈比亚按蚊Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto（A. gambiae），为研究生殖隔离的进化提供了一个独特的机会，因为它被分为两个同域的，部分隔离的亚分类群，称为M型和S型。随着该物种的注释基因组现在可用，高通量技术可以应用于定位和表征基因组区域生殖隔离。为了量化A.在冈比亚，我们将来自每种形式的基因组DNA的群体样品与Affyssin基因芯片微阵列杂交。我们发现，三个地区，共同涵盖不到2.8 Mb，是唯一的位置，其中M和S形式显着分化。其中两个区域与着丝粒相邻，位于染色体2L和X上，分别含有50和12个预测基因。在这些地区的测序位点包含固定的形式之间的差异，没有共享的多态性，而没有固定的差异，发现在附近的控制位点。第三个区域位于染色体2 R上，仅包含五个预测基因;该区域的固定差异也通过直接测序进行了验证。尽管有大量的基因流动，这些“物种形成岛”仍保持分化，因此预计含有负责生殖隔离的基因。最近，许多努力被应用于定位基因和遗传变化负责物种之间的生殖隔离。虽然通过研究已经分化了数百万年的分类群可以推断出很多关于物种形成的信息，但研究处于隔离早期阶段的分类群之间的分化将使我们更清楚地了解物种形成遗传学所涉及的区域的数量和大小。尽管在M型和S型之间存在明显的基因流动。冈比亚，我们能够分离出三个小的分化区域，其中负责生态和行为隔离的基因可能位于。我们预计生殖隔离是由于少数位点的变化，因为这些区域总共只包含67个预测基因。集中在这些区域的未来绘图实验应该揭示基因之间的形式负责生殖隔离。使用DNA微阵列，作者确定了两种杂交蚊子之间基因组的3个小区域;这些区域可能包含负责生殖隔离的基因。
The African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (A. gambiae), provides a unique opportunity to study the evolution of reproductive isolation because it is divided into two sympatric, partially isolated subtaxa known as M form and S form. With the annotated genome of this species now available, high-throughput techniques can be applied to locate and characterize the genomic regions contributing to reproductive isolation. In order to quantify patterns of differentiation within A. gambiae, we hybridized population samples of genomic DNA from each form to Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays. We found that three regions, together encompassing less than 2.8 Mb, are the only locations where the M and S forms are significantly differentiated. Two of these regions are adjacent to centromeres, on Chromosomes 2L and X, and contain 50 and 12 predicted genes, respectively. Sequenced loci in these regions contain fixed differences between forms and no shared polymorphisms, while no fixed differences were found at nearby control loci. The third region, on Chromosome 2R, contains only five predicted genes; fixed differences in this region were also verified by direct sequencing. These “speciation islands” remain differentiated despite considerable gene flow, and are therefore expected to contain the genes responsible for reproductive isolation. Much effort has recently been applied to locating the genes and genetic changes responsible for reproductive isolation between species. Though much can be inferred about speciation by studying taxa that have diverged for millions of years, studying differentiation between taxa that are in the early stages of isolation will lead to a clearer view of the number and size of regions involved in the genetics of speciation. Despite appreciable levels of gene flow between the M and S forms of A. gambiae, we were able to isolate three small regions of differentiation where genes responsible for ecological and behavioral isolation are likely to be located. We expect reproductive isolation to be due to changes at a small number of loci, as these regions together contain only 67 predicted genes. Concentrating future mapping experiments on these regions should reveal the genes responsible for reproductive isolation between forms. Using DNA microarrays, the authors identify 3 small regions of the genome that differ between two forms of hybridizing mosquitoes; regions that are likely to contain the genes responsible for reproductive isolation.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2003.2574
发表时间：
2004-01-07
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Emelianov, I;Marec, F;Mallet, J
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.95.24.14260
发表时间：
1998-11-24
影响因子：
11.1
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影响因子：
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DOI：
10.1016/s0035-9203(98)90761-1
发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
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影响因子：
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