Color Vision Variation as Evidenced by Hybrid L/M Opsin Genes in Wild Populations of Trichromatic Alouatta New World Monkeys.
Color Vision Variation as Evidenced by Hybrid L/M Opsin Genes in Wild Populations of Trichromatic Alouatta New World Monkeys.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10764-013-9705-9
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Kawamura, Shoji
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matsushita, Yuka;Oota, Hiroki;Welker, Barbara J.;Pavelka, Mary S.;Kawamura, Shoji
阔鼻猴（新世界）具有高度多态性的色觉，由于等位基因的单位点L/M视蛋白基因的X染色体上的变化。大多数物种由雌性三色视者和雌性和雄性二色视者组成。吼猴（Alouatta属）是一个例外;它们被认为是常规三色的，L和M视蛋白基因并列在X染色体上，如在卡他鼻灵长类动物（旧大陆猴，猿和人类）中所见。然而，三色视觉在吼猴中是否是不变的，这一点还不得而知。我们研究了哥斯达黎加、尼加拉瓜（Alouatta palliata）和伯利兹（A. pigra），使用粪便DNA。我们调查了来自Alouatta palliata和A. pigra，分别。重组的L和M视蛋白色素的最大吸收波长（λmax）分别为564 nm和532 nm。我们在Alouatta palliata中发现了一个具有重组单倍型277/285的M-L杂交序列，在A. pigra。重组杂合色素的λmax值在546~554 nm范围内，这将导致与其他新世界猴物种相似的三色觉表型。我们发现的色觉变化，由于高频率的L/M混合视蛋白基因的吼挑战目前的观点，吼是常规和统一的三色视。这些结果加深了我们对色觉多态性和常规三色视觉的进化意义的理解，并强调需要进一步评估视蛋白基因变异以及三色视觉亚型之间的行为差异。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s10764-013-9705-9）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Platyrrhine (New World) monkeys possess highly polymorphic color vision owing to allelic variation of the single-locus L/M opsin gene on the X chromosome. Most species consist of female trichromats and female and male dichromats. Howlers (genus Alouatta) are an exception; they are considered to be routinely trichromatic with L and M opsin genes juxtaposed on the X chromosome, as seen in catarrhine primates (Old World monkeys, apes, and humans). Yet it is not known whether trichromacy is invariable in howlers. We examined L/M opsin variation in wild howler populations in Costa Rica and Nicaragua (Alouatta palliata) and Belize (A. pigra), using fecal DNA. We surveyed exon 5 sequences (containing the diagnostic 277th and 285th residues for λmax) for 8 and 18 X chromosomes from Alouatta palliata and A. pigra, respectively. The wavelengths of maximal absorption (λmax) of the reconstituted L and M opsin photopigments were 564 nm and 532 nm, respectively, in both species. We found one M–L hybrid sequence with a recombinant 277/285 haplotype in Alouatta palliata and two L–M hybrid sequences in A. pigra. The λmax values of the reconstituted hybrid photopigments were in the range of 546~554 nm, which should result in trichromat phenotypes comparable to those found in other New World monkey species. Our finding of color vision variation due to high frequencies of L/M hybrid opsin genes in howlers challenges the current view that howlers are routine and uniform trichromats. These results deepen our understanding of the evolutionary significance of color vision polymorphisms and routine trichromacy and emphasize the need for further assessment of opsin gene variation as well as behavioral differences among subtypes of trichromacy. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10764-013-9705-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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