A gut bacterial pathway metabolizes aromatic amino acids into nine circulating metabolites.

A gut bacterial pathway metabolizes aromatic amino acids into nine circulating metabolites.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature24661
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发表时间:
2017-11-30
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Sonnenburg JL
Sonnenburg JL
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dodd D;Spitzer MH;Van Treuren W;Merrill BD;Hryckowian AJ;Higginbottom SK;Le A;Cowan TM;Nolan GP;Fischbach MA;Sonnenburg JL

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人类肠道微生物群产生数十种代谢物,这些代谢物在血液中积累,在那里它们可以对宿主产生全身性影响。虽然这些小分子通常达到与药物制剂相似的浓度,但对产生它们的微生物代谢途径知之甚少。在这里,我们使用遗传学和代谢谱的组合来表征肠道共生菌产孢梭菌产生芳香族氨基酸代谢物的途径。我们的研究结果表明,该途径产生12种化合物,其中9种已知在宿主血清中积累。所有三种芳香族氨基酸(色氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸)都是该途径的底物,它涉及特定中间体的分支和替代还原酶。通过基因操纵C。生孢子菌,我们调节这些代谢物在gnotobiotic小鼠的血清水平,并表明这反过来会影响肠道通透性和全身免疫。这项工作有可能为系统地设计肠道细菌群落的分子输出提供基础。
The human gut microbiota produces dozens of metabolites that accumulate in the bloodstream, where they can have systemic effects on the host. Although these small molecules commonly reach concentrations similar to those achieved by pharmaceutical agents, remarkably little is known about the microbial metabolic pathways that produce them. Here we use a combination of genetics and metabolic profiling to characterize a pathway from the gut symbiont Clostridium sporogenes that generates aromatic amino acid metabolites. Our results reveal that this pathway produces twelve compounds, nine of which are known to accumulate in host serum. All three aromatic amino acids (tryptophan, phenylalanine and tyrosine) serve as substrates for the pathway, and it involves branching and alternative reductases for specific intermediates. By genetically manipulating C. sporogenes, we modulate serum levels of these metabolites in gnotobiotic mice, and show that in turn this affects intestinal permeability and systemic immunity. This work has the potential to provide the basis of a systematic effort to engineer the molecular output of the gut bacterial community.
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